How to Help a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Lose Weight
How to Help a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Lose Weight Have you ever scrolled through social media and seen videos […]
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December 12, 2025How to Help a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Lose Weight
Have you ever scrolled through social media and seen videos of chubby dogs labeled as “cute”? I sure hope you didn’t laugh! An overweight Cavalier King Charles Spaniel isn’t adorable, it’s a health crisis waiting to happen. Cavaliers carrying extra pounds face increased risks of type 2 diabetes, joint problems, heart disease, skin sores, and decreased activity levels. That’s not something to take lightly, especially with a breed already predisposed to heart issues.
If you’re wondering why your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is so big or how to get your Cavalier to lose weight, you’re in the right place. Let’s dive into creating a safe, effective weight-loss journey for your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.
A big thank you to, Lisa Davila, BS-Biomedical Science and Hospital Manager at Aggieland Animal Health Center for the amazing interview and help with this article.
Have you ever scrolled through social media and seen videos of chubby dogs labeled as “cute”? I sure hope you didn’t laugh! An overweight Cavalier King Charles Spaniel isn’t adorable, it’s a health crisis waiting to happen. Cavaliers carrying extra pounds face increased risks of type 2 diabetes, joint problems, heart disease, skin sores, and decreased activity levels. That’s not something to take lightly, especially with a breed already predisposed to heart issues.
If you’re wondering why your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is so big or how to get your Cavalier to lose weight, you’re in the right place. Let’s dive into creating a safe, effective weight-loss journey for your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.
A big thank you to, Lisa Davila, BS-Biomedical Science and Hospital Manager at Aggieland Animal Health Center for the amazing interview and help with this article.
Why Is My Cavalier King Charles Spaniel So Big?
Before we jump to conclusions about weight, let’s talk about something important: Cavaliers come in a variety of sizes, and bigger doesn’t automatically mean fat.
The standard Cavalier King Charles Spaniel weight range is typically 13-18 pounds according to breed standards. However, and this is important, not all Cavaliers fit neatly into that range, and that doesn’t automatically mean they’re overweight.
Take my angel Dexter. He was close to 30 pounds and was not fat. He was at his ideal weight. He was long and tall, with a larger frame than the typical Cavalier. When I’d tell people his weight, their chins would drop because they assumed he must be obese. But in reality, 30 pounds was perfect for his body structure. When he was younger and more muscled, he hovered around 28-29 pounds on the lean side. As a senior, his vet was very happy with 30 pounds for his larger frame.
So if your Cavalier is “big,” the first question isn’t necessarily about weight loss, it’s whether they’re actually overweight or just a larger-framed dog. And yes, there’s a big difference!
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Weight Chart by Age
While every Cavalier grows at their own pace, here’s a general guideline for Cavalier King Charles Spaniel weight by age:
8 weeks: 2-4 pounds
3 months: 4-7 pounds
6 months: 8-13 pounds
9 months: 11-16 pounds
12 months: 13-18 pounds (approaching adult weight)
Remember, these are averages for standard-sized Cavaliers. Larger-framed Cavaliers will exceed these numbers and that’s perfectly fine if they have proper body condition.
How to Tell If Your Cavalier Is Actually Overweight:
Veterinary professionals use a body condition scoring system from one to nine, with nine being obese, one being emaciated, and five being perfection. They assess your dog by looking at their body and putting their hands on them, not just relying on a number on the scale.
This is crucial for Cavaliers because of that gorgeous, fluffy coat. A furry Cavalier can look much larger than they actually are, especially when dry. It’s easier to assess body condition when they’re wet or freshly bathed with the coat lying flat.
The Touch Test: With all that fluff, you need to use your hands, not just your eyes. Run your hands along their rib cage. You should feel the ribs with just a light padding of tissue over them. You shouldn’t have to press hard to find their ribs, and they shouldn’t feel squishy. If you can’t easily feel ribs without pressing, your Cavalier is carrying too much weight.
That said, your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel might genuinely be overweight for several reasons, and it’s rarely just about too many treats. Understanding the “why” behind actual weight gain is the first step in helping your pup shed those extra pounds.
Common Culprits Behind Weight Gain:
First, let’s talk about those feeding guidelines on dog food bags. When you read a label that says a 30-pound dog needs a certain amount, remember this: those calculations are typically based on young, intact, highly active dogs with fast metabolisms. Your spayed or neutered Cavalier who prefers napping over hiking? They likely need significantly fewer calories than the bag suggests.
Then there’s the sneaky extra treats and even food from multiple family members. Your Cavalier isn’t going to tell Dad that Mom already fed breakfast before leaving for work! And when your toddler starts tossing food from the high chair, your opportunistic Cavalier certainly won’t refuse those extra snacks. Everyone gives just one cookie because Cavaliers are adorable and excel at giving those big, soulful eyes, but those treats add up fast.
Medical Conditions to Rule Out:
Before starting any weight-loss program, speak with your Cavalier’s holistic veterinarian. You’ll want to ensure there aren’t underlying medical conditions contributing to the weight gain. Hypothyroidism is particularly common in middle-aged and older dogs, including Cavaliers.
With hypothyroidism, dogs essentially gain weight on air. Their bodies can’t regulate their metabolic rate normally, making weight loss incredibly difficult without proper treatment. Signs include:
Weight gain despite no diet changes
Dull or dry coat
Hair thinning
Abnormal fat distribution that makes them look lumpy
Decreased energy and increased lethargy
If your Cavalier is middle-aged or older and gaining weight despite your best efforts, ask your vet about thyroid screening. It should be part of routine senior wellness exams anyway.
Certain medications can also contribute to weight gain, so discuss all prescriptions with your vet. And yes, parasites can impact weight and overall health too.
How Much Food or Calories to Cut from Your Cavalier’s Diet
How to get your dog to lose weight safely starts with understanding their caloric needs. But before we dive into numbers, let me be crystal clear, work with your Cavalier’s veterinarian before starting any weight-loss program.
Your vet needs to perform a physical exam, rule out underlying medical conditions like hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease, and evaluate your Cavalier’s muscle mass, mobility, and strength. If your Cavalier is on medications, those can also contribute to weight gain and need to be factored into the plan.
Once you have the green light from your vet, remember this, crash diets and fasting are extremely dangerous for dogs and won’t lead to successful, lasting weight loss.
How to get your dog to lose weight safely starts with understanding their caloric needs. Crash diets and fasting are extremely dangerous for dogs and won’t lead to successful, lasting weight loss.
The Safe Approach:
A Cavalier should only lose 3-5% of their body weight each month. This makes weight loss a gradual process that may take time, but it’s the healthy way to do it.
Start by cutting about 10% of your Cavalier’s current calories. Don’t slash their intake dramatically right away. After a couple of weeks, if you’re not seeing any weight loss, you can cut another 10%.
Calculating Your Cavalier’s Caloric Needs:
Here’s a formula to determine your Cavalier’s daily caloric needs based on their ideal weight:
Convert your Cavalier’s ideal weight from pounds to kilograms (divide pounds by 2.2)
Calculate Resting Energy Requirements (RER): 30 × (body weight in kg) + 70
Let’s use a 20-pound Cavalier as an example:
20 pounds ÷ 2.2 = 9.09 kg
30 × 9.09 = 272.7 + 70 = 342.7 calories per day
For a 15-pound Cavalier:
15 pounds ÷ 2.2 = 6.82 kg
30 × 6.82 = 204.6 + 70 = 274.6 calories per day
This calculation includes ALL calories, meals, treats, edible bones, and chews. Everything that goes in their mouth counts.
Switching to this feeding amount based on ideal weight is usually enough for most Cavaliers to lose weight gradually. If your Cavalier doesn’t respond to this plan within 9 weeks, speak with your vet about decreasing calories further.
Pre-Measure is Key:
At the beginning of each day, pre-measure what your Cavalier should consume daily and don’t give them any more than that. This prevents the just one more treat creep throughout the day.
Best Dog Food for Cavalier Weight Loss
There’s never a one-size-fits-all solution. I’m a firm believer in feeding a species-appropriate, fresh-and-balanced diet, whether that’s prepared raw, cooked, or a DIY dog food diet. Check out my article on choosing the best dog food for your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.
Why I Don’t Recommend Dry Kibble for Weight Loss:
Dry kibbles are typically high in starchy carbohydrates. Carbohydrates turn to sugar and are harder for your Cavalier to digest properly. Foods high in carbohydrates include wheat, rice, corn, legumes, peas, potatoes, and lentils.
For dry dog food to stick together in kibble form, it’s very likely one or more of these items make up a large percentage of that food. Even some prepared raw or cooked foods contain high percentages of carbohydrates.
Read the Ingredient Panel:
I can’t stress this enough. Read your Cavalier’s food’s ingredient panel. Not the front of the package with its pretty pictures and marketing claims. Look at what’s truly inside.
Let me show you the difference. Here’s what I found in three commercial dog foods:
Popular Diet Kibble Brand: Brewers Rice, Corn Gluten Meal, Powdered Cellulose, Pea Fiber, Chicken Meal… (notice all those starches and fillers come first?)
Popular Cooked Brand: Chicken, carrots, peas, rice, chicken liver, potatoes, spinach… (better, but still carb-heavy with rice, peas, and potatoes)
Popular Raw Brand: Chicken, chicken heart, chicken liver, organic apple, organic squash, organic carrot, blueberry, broccoli… (minimal carbohydrates, mostly meat and organs)
Can you see the difference in ingredient quality? This is why research matters.
Feed the Dog in Front of You:
Not every diet is appropriate for every Cavalier. When choosing food for your Cavalier, consider:
Do they eat it eagerly? If your Cavalier is lackluster about mealtime, you need a different food. Very rarely will you find a truly finicky eater, usually there’s an underlying issue with the food’s texture, aroma, protein source, or a medical problem. Picky eater? Check out this article.
Does their system tolerate it well? Healthy, easy-to-pick-up stool? No vomiting or regurgitation? Going every day like they should?
Are they thriving on it? Healthy muscle tone, proper body condition, and a beautiful coat are signs the food is working for them.
Sometimes finding the right food is trial and error. Just like your child’s doctor wouldn’t advise feeding them the same meal every day, your Cavalier should have a varied diet that meets their needs. I’m also a firm believer in rotating proteins and rotating between good dog food brands.
If your Cavalier seems ravenously hungry on reduced calories, talk to your vet about healthy fiber additives. These can provide a feeling of fullness without adding significant calories, making the process less miserable for your pup.
Account for Everything:
Remember that 90% of your Cavalier’s calories need to come from their main diet, not from extras. But treats are fine. I’d never say you can’t give treats.
Create a cookie budget. If you live in a multi-person household where everyone loves giving treats, put the day’s allotted treats in a jar. When the jar is empty, you’re done with cookies for the day. This prevents everyone from giving just one without realizing your Cavalier has already received ten treats that day.
Don’t forget to count:
Edible chews
Training treats
Medication disguises (peanut butter, cheese, pill pockets)
Supplements with caloric value
How to Safely Exercise Your Overweight Cavalier
Once you’ve determined the foods and calories for your Cavalier, the next step is safely increasing exercise. Like us, you want to start slow.
Start with Five Minutes:
If your Cavalier hasn’t been around the block in months, the block may actually be too much! A slow approach to increasing exercise while preventing injury is critical. Start with a five-minute walk around the neighborhood.
Once your Cavalier does well on their five-minute walk, increase the time by five minutes every two weeks. This allows your Cavalier’s body to be challenged without creating injury. If at any point you notice your Cavalier struggling with mobility or breathing, decrease the walking time to the previous week’s duration.
Be Extra Cautious with Seniors:
For senior Cavaliers or those with medical conditions like syringomyelia or heart disease (common in our breed), you need to be extremely mindful of their body’s reaction to increased activity. Watch for any signs of discomfort.
If you notice a new onset of limping, pause the new activity and seek advice from your veterinarian immediately. Some Cavaliers require specific physical therapy or tailored exercise plans before starting regular walks.
Water Therapy and Physical Therapy:
Your Cavalier’s veterinarian may suggest water therapy or at-home physical therapy exercises prior to outdoor adventures. This is especially important for overweight Cavaliers or those with joint issues.
Although Dexter has always been at his ideal weight, his veterinary physical therapist has been our biggest asset in monitoring his body condition and demonstrating proper exercises for his physical condition.
A physical therapist can provide:
Initial evaluation and assessment
Customized exercise plans
At-home exercises to help with mobility and joint health
Guidance on protecting your Cavalier from injury
For severely overweight Cavaliers, starting with swimming or water treadmill therapy can be gentler on joints than walking.
Avoid High-Impact Activities:
Be very cautious about high-impact games like jumping, running, and sudden stops. This can cause injury to your Cavalier, especially if they’re overweight and out of shape.
Never exercise your Cavalier to the point where they’re slowing down, limping, or not wanting to walk. If they’re demonstrably sore after exercise or the next morning, they’ve overdone it. The goal is to exercise them as much as possible without showing signs of soreness or limping.
Signs Your Cavalier Has Exercised Too Much:
Avoiding the leash or showing reluctance when you bring it out
Slowing significantly during walks
Losing interest in their surroundings (normally dogs are excited by smells and sights)
Having to stop and sit down frequently
Being tired or sore the next day
Not engaging in normal activities the following day
If you see these signs, scale back to the previous week’s exercise level.
Beyond Walking:
Walks aren’t the only form of exercise for Cavaliers! Consider:
Sniffy walks: Let your Cavalier set the pace for a slow, exploratory walk where they can sniff to their heart’s content.
Food puzzle toys: Hide treat toys around the house so they’re moving and using their mind. Remember to use those daily calories for this.
Indoor games: On days when weather doesn’t cooperate, mental stimulation counts too!
Consistency and Maintaining Your Cavalier’s Ideal Weight
Once you start your Cavalier’s healthy lifestyle, don’t get burned out or stuck in a rut. If we do the same thing over and over, it becomes boring for both of you.
Mix Things Up:
Instead of a 15-minute walk around the neighborhood every day, take your Cavalier to the park for a 15-minute sniffy walk. Instead of feeding from their bowl, fill a few treat toys and hide them around the house!
For me, the key to consistency is being creative and mixing things up. You’ll still want to stick to your Cavalier’s physical and nutritional guidelines, but what can you do to make it more exciting for both of you?
It’s a Lifestyle Change, Not a Diet:
This isn’t like crash diets from the 80s and 90s where you lose weight and then go back to eating whatever you want, only to gain it all back (and then some). This is a permanent lifestyle change for your Cavalier.
When you reach your weight-loss goal, you maintain that course. You don’t go back to giant scoops of food and unlimited treats. Your Cavalier’s new, healthy eating and exercise habits become their way of life.
Expect Plateaus:
Often in the beginning, if there’s no underlying medical cause and the diet is well-managed, you’ll see good weight loss initially. Then there’s a plateau. This is normal in weight loss journeys.
It can be frustrating when you’re doing everything right and the scale seems stuck. But if you hold the course, your Cavalier will normally start trending down again. Be patient with the journey.
Track Progress:
Visit your veterinarian’s office at least once a month during the weight loss journey to:
Get accurate weigh-ins
Track progress
Adjust the plan as needed
Give your Cavalier positive experiences at the vet’s office (it’s not always scary!)
Consider using activity trackers designed for dogs. They help you set goals, track daily activity objectively, and measure progress. Most are waterproof and can attach to harnesses (perfect for Cavaliers with syringomyelia who shouldn’t wear neck collars). These trackers also monitor sleep patterns and other health parameters.
Resources and Support
You don’t have to do this alone! Here are helpful resources:
Pet Obesity Prevention website: Offers tools and information on healthy weight loss
Chubby Dog Nation app: Reminds you when to feed, tracks exercise, and monitors weight loss progress
Your veterinary team: Schedule regular check-ins and don’t hesitate to ask questions
Final Thoughts on Cavalier Weight Loss
If your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is overweight you can help them achieve a healthy weight with patience, consistency, and the right support.
Remember these key points:
Work with your veterinarian to rule out medical issues and create a safe plan
Reduce calories gradually (start with 10%)
Aim for 3-5% body weight loss per month
Choose high-quality, species-appropriate food
Start exercise slowly and increase gradually
Make it a lifestyle change, not a temporary diet
Be your Cavalier’s advocate and give yourself grace
Have patience with yourself and with your Cavalier. This is a journey, not a deadline. You’re setting up your Cavalier’s entire life for better health and happiness. And that’s something worth celebrating every step of the way.
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Tonya WilhelmHi, I’m Tonya Wilhelm—a positive dog trainer, holistic pet care educator, and proud Cavalier King Charles Spaniel mom. With nearly 30 years of experience helping families raise confident, well-mannered dogs, I focus on trust-based training, enrichment, and natural wellness. I’m also a published author and content creator who shares proactive, effective ways to support your Cavalier’s behavior, health, and daily life. You’ll often hear about Stewart, my sweet Cavalier, and my angel Dexter, who continue to inspire everything I create.
www.cavaliergifts.com
November 27, 2025You take care at choosing the best food for your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, only to have him look at it and walk away. Instead of diving in with enthusiasm, your Cavalier takes one sniff, looks up at you with those big eyes, and walks away. Sound familiar?
If you’re frustrated watching your Cavalier turn their nose up at perfectly good dog food, you’re definitely not alone. But here’s the thing, what looks like picky eating might actually be your dog trying to tell you something important. Remember, it’s always about the why with our dogs.
I’ve been in the dog space for nearly thirty years, and a lot of dog parents have told me that their Cavalier is a picky eater. But, after chatting with them, taking a deep dive regarding behavior and their Cavalier’s health, that why usually raises it’s paw. Most dogs who seem selective about food are responding to something deeper, and understanding what’s really going on is the first step in getting your dog to eat his food.
Now, I want to be clear about something. Individual dogs can have vastly different food preferences based on their unique genetics, early life experiences, and even their breed. This isn’t about blaming you or your dog. It’s about understanding why some Cavaliers eat with gusto while others turn into food snobs.
If you’re frustrated watching your Cavalier turn their nose up at perfectly good dog food, you’re definitely not alone. But here’s the thing, what looks like picky eating might actually be your dog trying to tell you something important. Remember, it’s always about the why with our dogs.
I’ve been in the dog space for nearly thirty years, and a lot of dog parents have told me that their Cavalier is a picky eater. But, after chatting with them, taking a deep dive regarding behavior and their Cavalier’s health, that why usually raises it’s paw. Most dogs who seem selective about food are responding to something deeper, and understanding what’s really going on is the first step in getting your dog to eat his food.
Now, I want to be clear about something. Individual dogs can have vastly different food preferences based on their unique genetics, early life experiences, and even their breed. This isn’t about blaming you or your dog. It’s about understanding why some Cavaliers eat with gusto while others turn into food snobs.
Is Your Dog a Picky Eater?
Before we dig into why your Cavalier won’t eat, it helps to understand what picky eating actually looks like. These are some behaviors that can make a dog seem picky:
Consistently ignore meals but happily devour treats or fresh food
Take a few bites then walk away, even when you know they’re hungry
Show interest in food but won’t actually eat it
Eat only when hand-fed or coaxed
Suddenly refuse food they used to love
Eat their food only after you’ve added something special
Now, if any of these behaviors pop up suddenly or are paired with other symptoms like lethargy, vomiting, or weight loss, stop reading and call your veterinarian. These could signal a medical emergency. But if your dog has been this way for a while and seems otherwise healthy, let’s explore what might be happening.
What Causes Loss of Appetite in Dogs: The Medical Side
I cannot stress this enough, before you do anything else, your dog needs a complete veterinary examination. Why? Because pain and illness are sneaky. Dogs are masters at hiding discomfort, and what looks like pickiness might actually be your dog avoiding food because eating hurts.
Dental Disease and How It Affects Your Dog’s Appetite
Periodontal disease affects 80-90% of dogs over three years old, making it one of the most common yet overlooked causes of eating changes. Think about the last time you had a toothache. Did you feel like eating hard food? Neither does your dog.
Dogs with dental pain may drop food, chew on one side of their mouth, or avoid eating altogether. They might drool more than usual, paw at their face, or you may notice red or swollen gums when you take a quick look in their mouth. Some dogs become irritable or withdrawn, not because they’re being difficult, but because they’re hurting.
Here’s what makes dental disease tricky. Some dogs will still eat even when their mouth hurts, but they don’t enjoy it. That discomfort builds, and over time it can make them more hesitant about eating or turn them away from certain textures altogether.
The good news is that dental disease is preventable and treatable. Regular dental cleanings, daily tooth brushing (yes, really!), and healthy chews and bones can make a world of difference. If it’s been a while since your vet has taken a close look at your dog’s mouth, it’s worth having them check. Once that discomfort is addressed, many dogs start eating with much more interest. You might be amazed at how their appetite improves once their mouth feels better.
Other Medical Issues to Consider
Dental problems aren’t the only health concern that can affect a dog’s appetite. Underlying medical issues such as gastrointestinal disorders or nausea can make pets reluctant to eat. Your dog might associate certain foods with feeling sick, even if the illness has passed.
Pain anywhere in the body, arthritis, an upset stomach, an ear infection, can suppress appetite. So can medications. If your Cavalier recently started a new medication and suddenly became picky, that’s worth discussing with your Cavalier’s holistic veterinarian.
This is why a thorough veterinary workup is essential. Blood work, urinalysis, dental examination, and sometimes imaging can help rule out or identify medical causes. Don’t skip this step. Your dog is counting on you to be their advocate.
Dog Breeds That Are Picky Eaters: Is It Genetic?
Okay, let’s say your veterinarian gives your Cavalier a clean bill of health. What now? Well, genetics might be playing a role, and it’s more complex than you might think.
Food preference in dogs is shaped by both early-life experiences and genetics. Research shows that some dog breeds are naturally more selective about food than others. Labradors and Beagles? They’ll practically inhale anything edible. In fact, certain Labrador Retrievers have a genetic mutation in the POMC gene that’s associated with increased appetite and food-seeking behavior. Smaller breeds and some sight hounds? They can be naturally more selective eaters.
Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, like many small dogs who seem picky, can be a bit particular about their food. This isn’t stubbornness. It often comes from their sensitive nature, smaller stomachs, and their own personal taste preferences.
But here’s where it gets really interesting. Breed matters in ways you wouldn’t expect. In a ten-year study of dog food preferences, researchers found that Beagles were actually more selective than Boxers, even though Boxers had lower olfactory capacity due to their brachycephalic skull shape. Weight and body size also played a role, heavier dogs consumed less food per pound of body weight, even when accounting for their size.
Genetic differences in taste receptors create individual preference patterns. Some dogs have more receptors for bitter compounds, making them more sensitive to certain flavors in commercial foods. It’s not that they’re being difficult, their taste buds literally work differently than other dogs’. Dogs have roughly 1,700 taste buds compared to our 9,000, but they make up for it with an extraordinarily sensitive sense of smell, up to 100,000 times more sensitive than ours.
And here’s something fascinating that research confirms: dogs prefer beef, pork, and lamb over chicken and liver, and they strongly prefer meat to cereal-based diets. They also prefer canned or semi-moist food over dry kibble. This isn’t random pickiness, it’s biology. Moisture content matters. Dogs consistently prefer foods with higher moisture levels, which makes sense given their evolutionary history. This is why feeding your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel a species appropriate fresh diet is usually the way to go. Learn more about specific foods in this blog.
The Gut Connection: Your Dog’s Hidden Influence
Your dog’s gut microbiome, which is the community of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms living in their digestive tract, plays a surprisingly powerful role in what foods they prefer.
The microbiome communicates with the brain to influence food preferences, potentially driving cravings for ingredients that feed specific bacterial populations. In other words, the bacteria in your dog’s gut might be determining when it comes to what they want to eat.
The microbiome does so much more than just digest food. It produces neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and GABA that are crucial for maintaining normal sleep, mood, cognition, and anxiety levels. When the microbiome is out of balance everything gets thrown off, including appetite.
What causes microbiome imbalances in dogs?
Antibiotics, stress, processed foods high in carbohydrates and environmental changes. Without a healthy microbial balance in the gut, dogs won’t be able to digest their food thoroughly, which means they’re not getting the nutrients they need and may develop food aversions.
This is why diet matters so much. Fresh, whole foods with natural prebiotic fiber help feed the good bacteria in your dog’s gut. Processed foods full of additives and fillers? Not so much. Supporting your dog’s gut health might be the missing piece in solving their picky eating puzzle.
When Your Dog Is Picky with Food All of a Sudden
Sometimes, we accidentally train our dogs to be picky eaters. I know, I know. We do it with the best intentions, but it happens more often than you’d think.
Why Is My Dog Being Picky About Food? Understanding Neophobia
Before we dive into what we might be doing wrong, let’s talk about neophobia, the fear or hesitation around new things, especially when changing your dog’s food. Dogs can naturally be cautious when presented with novel food, and research shows this is completely normal. In controlled studies, dogs showed significantly slower eating rates, more distraction during meals, and longer hesitation periods on the first day they were offered a new food. It took 8-9 days for these neophobic responses to diminish completely.
What does this mean for you? If you just switched foods and your dog seems uninterested, don’t panic immediately. They might just need time to adjust. Give them at least a week before deciding the new food isn’t working. This is especially important if you’re trying to figure out how to get your dog to eat dog food again after they’ve been eating something more exciting.
I do want to mention for dogs who don’t struggle with picky eating. I’m a big believer in rotating foods, proteins, and textures when it works for the individual dog. A varied diet can help support a healthy gut, offer a wider range of nutrients, and prevent dogs from getting locked into only one type of food. Just make changes slowly and thoughtfully so their digestive system has time to adjust.
The Treats and Table Scraps Trap
I’m all for using plenty of rewards in dog training, especially real foods like fresh meats and healthy options that count toward your dog’s daily nutrition. The trouble happens when treats start replacing balanced meals or when they’re used to coax a dog who already doesn’t want to eat. That can accidentally teach your dog to ignore their regular food and wait for something more exciting.
I see this happen often. A dog refuses their bowl, so the worried parent offers a bite of chicken. The dog eats it. At the next meal, the dog holds out again because they expect the same deal. Before long, the dog will only touch the “special” foods and completely avoids what used to be their normal diet.
This is different from a senior Cavalier who suddenly refuses food. That can be a completely separate challenge, and those cases need a thoughtful plan with the guidance of a holistic veterinarian who understands aging dogs.
The Free-Feeding Problem
Leaving food out all day seems convenient, but it can backfire. If dogs don’t go for their food within 5-10 minutes, leaving it out can cause more aversion to the food. Dogs don’t develop hunger cues when food is always available, and they don’t learn that mealtime is important.
There’s another downside. It becomes much harder to use food in dog training because your dog isn’t truly interested in earning those rewards. And if your Cavalier ever develops a health concern, your veterinarian will want to know whether their eating habits have changed. Free-feeding makes those patterns almost impossible to track, which can delay getting the right help.
The Attention Factor
If dogs learn that being picky gets them plenty of attention while you try to coax them into eating, they may continue this behavior. Yes, your dog is smart enough to figure this out. And honestly? Can you blame them? Extra attention, maybe some delicious hand-feeding, possibly a special treat to entice them, from their perspective, picky eating pays off.
This is also a reminder that our Cavaliers need plenty of entertainment, connection, and enrichment throughout the day so mealtime doesn’t turn into their main source of interaction.
If you need fresh ideas to keep your dog engaged, you can download our free enrichment guide for support.
The Evolutionary Piece: Why Dogs CAN Actually Be Picky
Dogs have changed a lot from their wolf ancestors, and those changes show up in how they eat. Dogs are not wolves anymore, and their bodies reflect that. Over time, they’ve developed the ability to digest a wider range of foods, including carbohydrates, and their gut microbiome has adapted right along with them. Because they aren’t living in a feast or famine world, many dogs feel comfortable being selective instead of eating whatever is in front of them.
Wild animals don’t have the luxury of choice. Our dogs do. A dog who lives in a home with predictable meals quickly learns that they can have preferences and wait for something more appealing. Studies on free-roaming dogs show that they often eat whatever is available, which shows just how adaptable modern dogs have become.
Dogs also rely far more on smell than taste. They have fewer taste buds than we do, but their sense of smell is incredibly sensitive. This means the scent of food matters a lot. A bag of kibble that has been sitting open, losing freshness, may smell unappealing to your dog even if you think it seems fine. Research shows dogs often make food choices based on smell before they‘ve even tasted anything.
There’s also interesting research on portion sizes. Dogs may eat more when presented with larger portions, even if they usually leave food behind. It’s likely a leftover survival instinct. But I want to be clear here. This does not mean feeding huge meals is a good idea. We never want to risk bloat, especially in breeds that can be vulnerable. Stick with balanced, appropriate portions and avoid offering oversized meals. The takeaway is simply that appetite can be influenced by presentation, not that bigger is better.
And through all of this, I still lean toward fresh, protein rich diets for most dogs. There’s a good reason for that. Fresh foods offer natural moisture, a richer aroma, and nutrients in a form dogs can recognize and use more easily. Many Cavaliers respond better to these foods because they smell and taste more like real food rather than something processed. A fresh, balanced diet can also support a healthier gut microbiome, which plays a big role in appetite and overall wellbeing.
When we keep these pieces in mind, it becomes much easier to understand why some dogs turn away from certain foods and why they show more interest in others. Knowing how dogs experience food helps us build healthier habits without losing sight of what truly nourishes them.
The Anxiety Factor: When Stress Affects Appetite
We also have to think about how our dogs feel. Stress can absolutely affect appetite. When a dog is anxious or unsure, eating often drops to the bottom of their priority list. Hunger takes a back seat when they don’t feel settled or safe.
Environmental changes like moving to a new home, a new family member (human or pet), changes in routine, or even something as simple as a new food bowl can trigger stress that affects eating. Different changes in the dog’s environment can influence appetite by disrupting their sense of security.
Some dogs are naturally more anxious than others. These sensitive souls need extra support and patience. Forcing them to eat when they’re stressed only makes things worse because they start associating mealtime with negative feelings.
Dog Food for Picky Eaters
Now let’s talk about solutions. Here’s what actually works when you’re dealing with a picky eater:
Start with your Cavalier’s veterinarian. Rule out medical issues first. This is non-negotiable. A complete physical exam, dental evaluation, and possibly blood work should be your first step. This addresses what causes loss of appetite in dogs from a medical standpoint.
Establish a feeding routine. Set preset mealtimes and remove unfinished food after 15 to 20 minutes to reduce the risk of picky eating and allow your dog to develop healthier eating habits. This picky eater dog remedy helps your dog understand when food is available and creates natural hunger cues.
Stop the treat train. I know it can feel tempting to offer extra goodies when your dog turns away from their bowl, but leaning too heavily on treats or table scraps can make picky eating even stronger. Use real foods and healthy options as rewards during training, and make them part of your dog’s daily nutrition. What we want to avoid is using those same foods to lure a dog who already doesn’t want to eat. Keeping treats in their proper place helps your Cavalier stay interested in their regular meals.
Make mealtime stress-free. Create a calm, quiet feeding area. Don’t hover over your dog or make a big production of mealtime. Put the food down, walk away, and let them eat in peace. Remove the pressure.
Consider the food itself. If your dog consistently refuses their food and you’ve ruled out medical and behavioral causes, the food might genuinely not work for them. Try different proteins, textures, or brands. Consider adding fresh food toppers or transitioning to a higher-quality diet. Make changes gradually to avoid stomach upset. The best dog food for picky eaters is often one with high-quality protein, natural moisture, and minimal processing.
Support gut health. Include prebiotic-rich foods, consider a dog probiotic, and focus on fresh, whole ingredients when possible. A healthy gut makes for a happy eater.
Address anxiety. If stress is part of the picture, focus on helping your dog feel safe. A steady routine, a quiet eating space, and predictable interactions can make mealtime much easier for sensitive Cavaliers. If you’re not sure whether worry or stress is affecting your dog’s appetite, I offer phone and Skype sessions to help you sort through what your individual dog needs.
Be patient with yourself and your dog. Changing eating habits takes time. Stay consistent, don’t give in to begging, and remember that a healthy dog won’t starve themselves, which answers the common question, will a picky dog starve? The answer is no, but you do need to be patient and consistent. And again, don’t overlook medical issues.
When to Worry vs. When to Wait
Any sudden change in appetite lasting more than 24 hours warrants a call to your dog’s veterinarian, especially if your dog isn’t eating but acting normal otherwise. If your normally enthusiastic eater suddenly won’t touch food, something’s wrong.
But if your dog has always been selective, maintains a healthy weight, and shows no other signs of illness? This is more about finding what works for them than fixing a medical crisis. Stay consistent, make thoughtful changes, and give things time to improve.
Remember, if you’re dealing with a puppy that is a picky eater, the same principles apply, but I highly recommend that all important vet call. Puppies are still learning about food and developing their preferences.
The Bottom Line
Picky eating in dogs is rarely about your dog being difficult or stubborn. It’s usually about pain, genetics, gut health, learned behavior, food quality, or stress, often a combination of several factors.
Your job is to be a detective. Work with your Cavalier’s holistic veterinarian to rule out medical causes. Look at the whole picture of your dog’s life, their environment, their routine, their food quality, and their emotional state. Make changes thoughtfully and consistently.
Remember, dogs are incredibly adaptive and resilient. With patience, the right approach, and a little detective work, most picky eaters can become happy, healthy eaters again. Your dog is worth the effort, and you’re already showing you care by seeking answers.
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6562821/
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6488012/
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/animal-science/articles/10.3389/fanim.2025.1506003/full
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2017.00154/full
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Tonya WilhelmHi, I’m Tonya Wilhelm—a positive dog trainer, holistic pet care educator, and proud Cavalier King Charles Spaniel mom. With nearly 30 years of experience helping families raise confident, well-mannered dogs, I focus on trust-based training, enrichment, and natural wellness. I’m also a published author and content creator who shares proactive, effective ways to support your Cavalier’s behavior, health, and daily life. You’ll often hear about Stewart, my sweet Cavalier, and my angel Dexter, who continue to inspire everything I create.
www.cavaliergifts.com
September 3, 2025Cavalier King Charles Dog Breed Information
Are you thinking about bringing a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel into your family? In this article I’ll walk you through Cavalier King Charles Spaniel pros and cons, including their temperament, size, family life, health issues, lifespan, price, and what to expect whether you choose a Cavalier puppy or adopt a Cavalier rescue, so you can decide if this beloved companion is the right fit for your lifestyle.
This gentle, affectionate dog breed has captured the hearts of so many Cavalier parents, mine included. I’m lucky to have been a Cavalier Mom to two Cavaliers. First was Angel Dexter, who came from a responsible breeder. Now I share my life with Stewart, my sweet Cavalier rescue. Each taught me something different about living and caring for a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel. Let’s look at the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel pros and cons so you can decide if this beloved companion is the right fit for your lifestyle.
Are you thinking about bringing a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel into your family? In this article I’ll walk you through Cavalier King Charles Spaniel pros and cons, including their temperament, size, family life, health issues, lifespan, price, and what to expect whether you choose a Cavalier puppy or adopt a Cavalier rescue, so you can decide if this beloved companion is the right fit for your lifestyle.
This gentle, affectionate dog breed has captured the hearts of so many Cavalier parents, mine included. I’m lucky to have been a Cavalier Mom to two Cavaliers. First was Angel Dexter, who came from a responsible breeder. Now I share my life with Stewart, my sweet Cavalier rescue. Each taught me something different about living and caring for a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel. Let’s look at the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel pros and cons so you can decide if this beloved companion is the right fit for your lifestyle.
What is the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Temperament Like
When people ask about Cavalier King Charles Spaniel temperament, I always start with their affectionate nature. Cavaliers are true companion dogs, often referred to as love sponges. They want to be with you on the couch, in bed, or following you from room to room. That closeness is endearing. At the same time, we have to remember they are spaniels. That means they’re naturally curious, athletic, and alert. I often say they’re part lap dog and part little sporting dog. If you enjoy an easygoing cuddle buddy who also loves to trot beside you on walks or join in a game of fetch, a Cavalier may be a perfect match.
It’s also important to know that Cavaliers who suffer from Chiari malformation and syringomyelia may experience pain that can affect their temperament. A normally gentle dog may become sensitive to touch, startle more easily, or avoid certain interactions because they are uncomfortable. These changes are not personality flaws, they are signs of discomfort. I’ll share more on this health issue later in the article, but it’s something every potential Cavalier parent should be aware of when considering the breed.
Are Cavaliers Good with Kids
Cavaliers are often wonderful with children, which is one of the reasons families are drawn to Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. But Cavaliers are still dogs, and children are still children. No matter the breed, all families benefit from raising kids and dogs with skills that build safety and trust. Start by learning dog body language yourself, then teach children how to recognize when a Cavalier is relaxed and when they need space. Practice active supervision, be present and engaged any time kids and your Cavalier share a space. Encourage gentle petting, calm voices, and respect around food and toys. At the same time, help your Cavalier learn polite manners around children with simple cues like sit, leave it, and drop it. When you can’t be hands-on, use management tools such as baby gates, crates, or closed doors to keep everyone safe. With this combination of teaching, supervision, and management, children and Cavaliers can enjoy a safe, positive relationship built on mutual respect.
How Big is a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel size makes them appealing for many households. Most Cavaliers weigh between 13 and 18 pounds and stand about 12 to 13 inches tall, but not all Cavaliers fit neatly into the charts. My Angel Dexter was almost 30 pounds, and that was his ideal, lean body. Stewart, my Cavalier rescue, weighs in at 18 pounds. What matters most is keeping your Cavalier at a healthy weight. Do not allow your Cavalier to get fat, as excess weight can stress their heart and joints. To evaluate your Cavalier’s body condition, place your fingers lightly along their ribcage, you should feel each rib without pressing too hard. Then slide your hands back toward the waist and abdomen. You should notice a narrowing behind the ribs and a slight upward tuck in front of the hind legs. This hands-on check is the best way to evaluate body condition in a Cavalier. Their size makes them easy to travel with, but it also means they can be vulnerable to accidental injury if handled roughly, so again, supervision matters.
Can Cavaliers Do Dog Sports
Even though Cavaliers love to nap, they are surprisingly talented in dog sports. Training a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel can be a joy because they’re eager to please and thrive on positive reinforcement. Many Cavaliers shine in agility, rally, obedience, scent work, and therapy dog programs. Their willingness to work with you and their food motivation make them quick learners when training is fun and rewarding. Adding activities like nose work or agility not only gives them an outlet for energy but also strengthens the bond between you and your dog.
Are Cavalier King Charles Spaniels Healthy
Now for one of the most difficult parts of the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel pros and cons list: health. Sadly, this breed faces serious inherited conditions. The most well-known is mitral valve disease (MVD), which affects the heart. MVD is a progressive condition where the heart’s mitral valve weakens and begins to leak. Over time, this can lead to congestive heart failure. Because MVD is so common in Cavaliers, it’s important to work with a veterinarian who understands the breed and to schedule regular heart checks with a canine cardiologist. Learn more about MVD in Cavaliers in this blog post.
Chiari malformation is another serious concern, and it is the disease that creates syringomyelia (SM). This painful neurological disorder occurs when the skull is too small, forcing brain tissue into the spinal canal and leading to fluid-filled cavities within the spinal cord. Dogs with Chiari malformation and SM may yelp unexpectedly, scratch at their neck or shoulder, resist touch, or show sudden changes in temperament because of the pain. Managing this condition requires veterinary guidance and, in some cases, medication or surgery. This is the condition my Angel Dexter lived with, yet with careful management and support he reached a full and happy 15 years. Learn more about Chiari malformation and syringomyelia in Cavaliers in this article.
Another condition Cavaliers face is middle ear disease, also known as primary secretory otitis media (PSOM). This condition causes a thick mucus plug to form behind the eardrum, which can lead to discomfort, balance issues, head shaking, and even changes in behavior if left untreated. Treatment may involve veterinary procedures to clear the ear canal and ongoing management.
Cavaliers are also prone to a condition called Medium Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (MCADD). This is a metabolic disorder that affects how the body breaks down certain fats to use for energy. In dogs, MCADD can lead to weakness, low blood sugar, and other serious complications if not carefully managed. DNA test, regular monitoring, and appropriate dietary management are essential for supporting a Cavalier with this condition. Learn more about MCADD in Cavaliers in this blog post.
Because these serious conditions are so prevalent in Cavaliers, it’s crucial to choose a responsible Cavalier King Charles Spaniel breeder who screens for heart and neurological health. Health testing doesn’t guarantee your Cavalier will be free of problems, but it greatly reduces the risks. Rescue Cavaliers can also be wonderful companions, bringing joy, love, and a deep sense of gratitude into a home. Many thrive in their new families and blossom when given patience and care, even if they come with medical needs. To learn more about finding a responsible Cavalier King Charles Spaniel breeder, check out this article.
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Lifespan
The average Cavalier King Charles Spaniel lifespan is around 9 to 14 years, depending on genetics and health. With good care, some live longer, but unfortunately, heart disease can shorten lives. Keeping your Cavalier at a healthy weight, feeding a fresh and balanced diet, and scheduling regular veterinary visits all play a role in helping them live their best life. Natural care, canine enrichment, and lifestyle also matter. Offer daily outdoor walks where they can sniff and explore, encourage play and problem-solving games, and create opportunities for gentle adventures. These simple habits help support a longer, healthier Cavalier King Charles Spaniel lifespan.
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Price
“How much are Cavalier King Charles Spaniel puppies?” is a common question. The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel price varies depending on where you live and whether you’re adopting from a responsible breeder or a Cavalier rescue. Responsible breeders who do full health testing often charge $2,000 to $4,000 or more. Rescue adoption fees are much lower, but are dependent on the care the Cavalier has received during their rescue. Remember, the initial price of a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is just the beginning. Budget for grooming, high-quality food, training, and veterinary expenses throughout your Cavalier’s life.
Are Cavalier King Charles Spaniels Hypoallergenic
No, Cavaliers are not hypoallergenic. They shed moderately and have silky coats that need regular brushing to prevent mats. If allergies are a concern, it’s best to spend time around Cavaliers before making the commitment. Regular grooming, vacuuming, and bathing can help reduce allergens, but there is no such thing as a completely hypoallergenic Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.
King Charles Spaniel vs Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
Many people confuse the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel with the King Charles Spaniel, but they are two separate breeds. The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is the larger of the two, usually standing 12 to 13 inches tall, while the King Charles Spaniel is smaller and more compact. The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is often simply referred to as a Cavalier, which is the term most families use when talking about this breed. Cavaliers have a longer muzzle and a more athletic build, reflecting their history as both lap dogs and sporting spaniels. The King Charles Spaniel, sometimes called the English Toy Spaniel, has a shorter nose and domed head, giving them a more toy-like appearance.
Temperament is another difference. Cavalier King Charles Spaniels are known for being outgoing, affectionate, and versatile. They are just as happy cuddling on the sofa as they are joining in a walk or dog sport. King Charles Spaniels tend to be quieter and a bit more reserved, often content with shorter bursts of activity. Both breeds are loving companions, but Cavalier King Charles Spaniels usually need a bit more daily exercise and interaction.
If you’re deciding between the two, consider your lifestyle. Families who want a playful, adaptable dog often lean toward the Cavalier, while those looking for a smaller, calmer companion may prefer the King Charles Spaniel. Either way, both breeds thrive on love and gentle care, so the best choice depends on which temperament and size best fit your home.
Are Cavalier King Charles Spaniels Good for First Time Owners
Many people wonder, are Cavalier King Charles Spaniels good for first time owners? The answer is often yes. Their temperament makes them more forgiving than some breeds, and they’re generally eager to please. However, they do require consistent positive training, companionship, and health care. A Cavalier isn’t a low-maintenance dog, but for a first-time dog parent who is committed to positive reinforcement training, daily walks, and plenty of love, they can be a wonderful choice.
How do I Choose Between a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Puppy Breeder or a Cavalier Rescue?
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel puppies are undeniably adorable, but they also require a lot of time, training, and patience. Potty training, socialization, and chewing are all part of the puppy stage, and when you go through a responsible Cavalier breeder you usually receive guidance, health testing information, and lifelong support. My Angel Dexter came from a responsible Cavalier King Charles Spaniel breeder, and that start gave us a good foundation because he had good genetics, strong early puppy socialization, and was raised in a loving home.
Rescue Cavaliers can also be puppies or adults. In fact, my Stewart came from Cavalier Rescue USA when he was only four months old. Cavalier rescues often provide wonderful Cavaliers who simply need a second chance. Some may already be house-trained and past the chewing stage, while others might need extra patience and care. Dexter was special in his own way and will always be remembered as a deeply loved member of my family, while Stewart is still here with me today and continues to be a cherished part of our family.
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Pros and Cons Conclusion
The biggest pro of the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is their affectionate, gentle nature. They are adaptable dogs who thrive in many settings, whether you live in an apartment or a house with a yard. They’re wonderful companions for children, seniors, and active adults who want a partner for walks or dog sports. They usually get along well with other pets, and their size makes them travel-friendly. On the con side, Cavaliers struggle with significant health problems that can shorten their lifespan and create expensive veterinary care. They also need daily companionship and don’t do well if left alone for long hours. Their coat requires regular brushing and grooming, and they can gain weight easily without exercise. Understanding both sides of the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel pros and cons will help you make the right choice for your family.
Life with a Cavalier is filled with love, snuggles, and companionship, but it also comes with responsibilities. If you’re drawn to this breed, take time to learn about their health, consider the cost of care, and connect with responsible Cavalier breeders or Cavalier rescues. With the right preparation, you’ll be rewarded with a loyal, affectionate companion who will fill your days with joy.
If you’d like gentle, step-by-step help with training, I’d love for you to check out my Manners, Life Skills and Foundation Training Course. This positive reinforcement program is designed to help you and your Cavalier build trust and real-life skills together. The lessons are self-paced, with video demonstrations, clear action plans, and playful enrichment games to make learning fun. I’m there to support you and your Cavalier every step of the way, and you can even upload videos for feedback so you never feel alone in the process. My goal is to give you the tools and encouragement you need to raise a confident, well-mannered Cavalier while enjoying the journey as a team.
💌 Join our Cavalier-loving community! Get weekly tips, natural care advice sent straight to your inbox.
🐶Have a Cavalier at home? Come join our friendly Facebook group for training tips, natural care, and lots of Cavalier fun!
Tonya WilhelmHi, I’m Tonya Wilhelm—a positive dog trainer, holistic pet care educator, and proud Cavalier King Charles Spaniel mom. With nearly 30 years of experience helping families raise confident, well-mannered dogs, I focus on trust-based training, enrichment, and natural wellness. I’m also a published author and content creator who shares proactive, effective ways to support your Cavalier’s behavior, health, and daily life. You’ll often hear about Stewart, my sweet Cavalier, and my angel Dexter, who continue to inspire everything I create.
cavaliergifts.com
March 30, 2025Health Benefits of Omega-3s for Cavaliers
Omega-3 fatty acids are one of the most important nutrients for Cavaliers, yet they’re often overlooked or misunderstood. These essential fats support heart health, brain function, joint mobility, skin condition, and even immune function. But not all omega-3 sources are created equal. Fresh fish, supplements, and plant-based options vary in effectiveness, and factors like oxidation and sourcing impact their quality. In this guide, I’ll break down the best omega-3 sources, how to choose high-quality options, and what to avoid to ensure your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel gets the maximum health benefits from their Omega-3s.
Skin and Coat Health
Omega-3s help maintain a healthy skin, reducing dryness, flakiness, and itchiness. They also improve coat condition, making your Cavalier’s fur shinier and softer. Cavaliers, like many other breeds, can be prone to allergies and skin sensitivities, and omega-3s can help manage these issues by reducing inflammation in the skin.
Joint Health and Mobility
As Cavaliers age, they can develop arthritis and joint stiffness. Omega-3s have been shown to reduce inflammation in the joints, helping to alleviate pain and improve mobility. Dogs receiving sufficient omega-3s often experience less stiffness and better flexibility, which is particularly important for senior Cavalier King Charles Spaniels.
Brain and Cognitive Function
DHA is a crucial component of brain cell membranes and plays a significant role in cognitive function. In Cavalier puppies, it supports brain development and learning. In senior Cavaliers, it helps prevent cognitive decline and supports memory and problem-solving skills. Studies have shown that dogs supplemented with DHA perform better on cognitive tests than those that do not receive adequate amounts.
Heart Health
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for supporting cardiovascular function by helping regulate heart rhythm, reduce blood pressure, and improve circulation. For Cavaliers, who are especially prone to mitral valve disease (MVD), a common heart condition in the breed, omega-3s are even more important. Given their susceptibility to MVD, ensuring your Cavalier’s diet is rich in omega-3s can play a crucial role in supporting their heart health and may help slow the progression of the disease.
Immune System Support and Inflammation Control
Chronic inflammation is a factor in many health issues, including autoimmune conditions, allergies, and even cancer. For Cavaliers, who are prone to conditions like Chiari malformation, managing inflammation is especially critical. Omega 3s play an important role in regulating the body’s inflammatory response, helping to balance the immune system and reduce excessive inflammation. By incorporating omega 3s into your Cavalier’s diet, you can help protect against the inflammation that worsens conditions like Chiari malformation and support overall immune health.
Best Omega-3 Sources for Cavaliers
The best omega-3 sources for dogs are those that provide EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) in their most bioavailable forms. These two types of omega-3s are the most beneficial for dogs, as they are directly used by the body to support a variety of vital functions, from heart health to joint mobility. The most bioavailable forms of these omega-3s are typically found in marine-based sources, such as oily fish. Fish like salmon, sardines, mackerel, and anchovies are excellent options because they contain high levels of both EPA and DHA, making them ideal for supporting your Cavalier’s health. These fish provide omega-3s in a form that’s easy for the body to absorb, ensuring that your dog gets the maximum benefits.
In addition to fish, fish oil supplements can also be a great source of omega-3s. However, it’s important to choose high-quality, purified fish oils that are free of contaminants like mercury. If your Cavalier is sensitive to fish or you prefer plant-based sources, algae oil is another excellent option, as it provides DHA without the fishy aftertaste or concerns about ocean contaminants. While flaxseed and chia seeds offer plant-based omega-3s, they contain ALA (alpha-linolenic acid), which the body must convert into EPA and DHA, an inefficient process for dogs. This means that marine-based omega-3s are typically the best option for achieving optimal health benefits. By rotating between these high-quality sources, you can help ensure your Cavalier is getting the most effective omega-3s for their needs.
Watch our fresh fish DIY and don’t forget to subscribe to @CavalierTipsandFun for more!
Omega-3 fatty acids are one of the most important nutrients for Cavaliers, yet they’re often overlooked or misunderstood. These essential fats support heart health, brain function, joint mobility, skin condition, and even immune function. But not all omega-3 sources are created equal. Fresh fish, supplements, and plant-based options vary in effectiveness, and factors like oxidation and sourcing impact their quality. In this guide, I’ll break down the best omega-3 sources, how to choose high-quality options, and what to avoid to ensure your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel gets the maximum health benefits from their Omega-3s.
Skin and Coat Health
Omega-3s help maintain a healthy skin, reducing dryness, flakiness, and itchiness. They also improve coat condition, making your Cavalier’s fur shinier and softer. Cavaliers, like many other breeds, can be prone to allergies and skin sensitivities, and omega-3s can help manage these issues by reducing inflammation in the skin.
Joint Health and Mobility
As Cavaliers age, they can develop arthritis and joint stiffness. Omega-3s have been shown to reduce inflammation in the joints, helping to alleviate pain and improve mobility. Dogs receiving sufficient omega-3s often experience less stiffness and better flexibility, which is particularly important for senior Cavalier King Charles Spaniels.
Brain and Cognitive Function
DHA is a crucial component of brain cell membranes and plays a significant role in cognitive function. In Cavalier puppies, it supports brain development and learning. In senior Cavaliers, it helps prevent cognitive decline and supports memory and problem-solving skills. Studies have shown that dogs supplemented with DHA perform better on cognitive tests than those that do not receive adequate amounts.
Heart Health
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for supporting cardiovascular function by helping regulate heart rhythm, reduce blood pressure, and improve circulation. For Cavaliers, who are especially prone to mitral valve disease (MVD), a common heart condition in the breed, omega-3s are even more important. Given their susceptibility to MVD, ensuring your Cavalier’s diet is rich in omega-3s can play a crucial role in supporting their heart health and may help slow the progression of the disease.
Immune System Support and Inflammation Control
Chronic inflammation is a factor in many health issues, including autoimmune conditions, allergies, and even cancer. For Cavaliers, who are prone to conditions like Chiari malformation, managing inflammation is especially critical. Omega 3s play an important role in regulating the body’s inflammatory response, helping to balance the immune system and reduce excessive inflammation. By incorporating omega 3s into your Cavalier’s diet, you can help protect against the inflammation that worsens conditions like Chiari malformation and support overall immune health.
Best Omega-3 Sources for Cavaliers
The best omega-3 sources for dogs are those that provide EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) in their most bioavailable forms. These two types of omega-3s are the most beneficial for dogs, as they are directly used by the body to support a variety of vital functions, from heart health to joint mobility. The most bioavailable forms of these omega-3s are typically found in marine-based sources, such as oily fish. Fish like salmon, sardines, mackerel, and anchovies are excellent options because they contain high levels of both EPA and DHA, making them ideal for supporting your Cavalier’s health. These fish provide omega-3s in a form that’s easy for the body to absorb, ensuring that your dog gets the maximum benefits.
In addition to fish, fish oil supplements can also be a great source of omega-3s. However, it’s important to choose high-quality, purified fish oils that are free of contaminants like mercury. If your Cavalier is sensitive to fish or you prefer plant-based sources, algae oil is another excellent option, as it provides DHA without the fishy aftertaste or concerns about ocean contaminants. While flaxseed and chia seeds offer plant-based omega-3s, they contain ALA (alpha-linolenic acid), which the body must convert into EPA and DHA, an inefficient process for dogs. This means that marine-based omega-3s are typically the best option for achieving optimal health benefits. By rotating between these high-quality sources, you can help ensure your Cavalier is getting the most effective omega-3s for their needs.
Watch our fresh fish DIY and don’t forget to subscribe to @CavalierTipsandFun for more!
Fresh Fish (Whole Food Source of EPA and DHA)
Feeding fresh, oily fish is one of the most natural ways to provide omega-3s. However, choosing the right type of fish is essential due to concerns about mercury levels, sustainability, and proper sourcing.
Some of the best options for Cavaliers include:
Sardines: Small, low-mercury fish that are naturally high in omega-3s. They are one of the safest whole-food sources.
Anchovies: Similar to sardines, anchovies are rich in DHA and EPA while having minimal contamination risks.
Herring: Often used in high-quality pet foods, herring is another small, oily fish packed with omega-3s.
Atlantic Mackerel: This species is safe, but avoid king mackerel, which is high in mercury.
Wild-Caught Salmon: A great source of omega-3s, but farmed salmon may contain higher levels of contaminants.
When feeding fresh fish, it’s important to either lightly cook the fish or feed it raw if it’s safely sourced. Cooking fish too much can break down some of the omega-3s, while raw fish (from a trusted, safe source) can provide the most nutrients. However, if you choose to feed raw fish, it should be frozen for a week first to reduce the risk of parasites, which can be a concern with certain types of fish.
It’s essential to avoid fish that have been prepared with added salt, spices, or sauces. These seasonings can be harmful to dogs. Also, always avoid feeding cooked bones, as they can splinter and cause serious internal injuries.
Fish Oil Supplements
Many pet parents turn to fish oil supplements to provide omega-3s, but not all fish oil supplements are the same. Choosing the right one for your Cavalier is important to ensure you’re giving them the best quality and the most effective nutrients.
How to Choose a High-Quality Fish Oil
When selecting a fish oil supplement, look for species-specific labeling. Instead of settling for generic “fish oil,” opt for oils like sardine oil, anchovy oil, or krill oil. This ensures transparency in sourcing and gives you a better idea of where the oil is coming from.
When choosing a fish oil supplement, it’s important to look at the levels of EPA and DHA, the two types of omega-3 fatty acids that provide the most health benefits for your dog. The label on the bottle should specify the amount of EPA and DHA in each serving, not just the total amount of fish oil.
For example, a bottle might say it contains 1,000 mg of fish oil per serving. But if the label doesn’t show how much of that is EPA and DHA, it’s hard to know how much of the oil is actually providing the beneficial omega-3s your dog needs.
Some fish oils may have more EPA, which is great for joint and heart health, while others may have more DHA, which supports brain function and reduces inflammation. Knowing exactly how much of each omega-3 is in the oil allows you to be more confident that you’re giving your Cavalier the right amount for their specific health needs. This way, you can make sure you’re getting the full benefits of the omega-3s in the supplement.
Also, choose products that are third-party tested. Reputable brands will test their oils for harmful contaminants like heavy metals, PCBs, and oxidation levels. This helps ensure the oil is safe for your dog and that it hasn’t been compromised during production.
Liquid vs. Capsules
Fish oil comes in two common forms: liquid and capsules. Liquid fish oil (often found in pump bottles) is convenient because it’s easy to dose, but it’s more prone to oxidation once opened. Oxidation occurs when the oil is exposed to light, heat, or air, so it must be stored in the refrigerator and used quickly to maintain its freshness.
On the other hand, capsules are more stable since the oil is protected from air exposure, which reduces the risk of oxidation. However, they can be harder to dose accurately, especially for small dogs.
Oxidation Risks
One of the biggest concerns with fish oil is oxidation. Omega-3s are very sensitive to light, heat, and oxygen, and when the oil oxidizes, it can lose its effectiveness and even become harmful. Signs of rancid fish oil include a strong fishy smell or an unusual taste.
To minimize the risk of oxidation, here are a few tips:
Choose dark glass bottles instead of clear plastic, as glass helps protect the oil from light exposure.
Store the fish oil in the refrigerator after opening to keep it fresh.
Use the oil within 30 to 60 days of opening to ensure you’re getting the best quality.
By taking these steps to choose a high-quality fish oil and storing it properly, you can help ensure your Cavalier gets the full benefits of omega-3s for their heart, joints, and overall health.
Green-Lipped Mussels: A Powerhouse for Joint Support
Green-lipped mussels (Perna canaliculus), native to New Zealand, are one of the most beneficial natural sources of omega-3s for dogs. Unlike traditional fish-based omega-3 supplements that provide primarily EPA and DHA, green-lipped mussels contain a unique omega-3 fatty acid called ETA (Eicosatetraenoic Acid). ETA has been found to have additional anti-inflammatory properties, making it especially helpful for dogs suffering from joint issues like arthritis.
The anti-inflammatory effects of ETA, along with the presence of glucosamine and chondroitin, make green-lipped mussels an excellent option for promoting joint health. These compounds work together to support cartilage repair, reduce inflammation, and enhance mobility in dogs experiencing joint stiffness or discomfort. This combination is particularly beneficial for dog breeds, like Cavaliers, that are prone to developing joint issues as they age.
Comparing Omega-3 Content in Green-Lipped Mussels vs. Fish
In terms of EPA and DHA content, green-lipped mussels may not provide as high a concentration per serving as fatty fish, but their ETA provides an extra layer of anti-inflammatory benefits. This makes green-lipped mussels an excellent addition to a dog’s diet, particularly for those with joint concerns.
How to Feed Green-Lipped Mussels to Your Dog
Green-lipped mussels are often available as freeze-dried powder or in chewable treat forms. Both forms make it easy to incorporate them into your dog’s daily routine, but the powder can be sprinkled over food or mixed into homemade dog meals for ease of use.
As with any supplement, it’s important to start with a small amount to monitor how your dog responds, especially if they are new to green-lipped mussels or have a sensitive digestive system. For the dosing of green-lipped mussels, it’s always best to refer to the product-specific guidelines since the concentration can vary depending on the form (freeze-dried powder, chewables, etc.) and brand. However, a general recommendation often seen in supplements for dogs is:
Start with 1/4 teaspoon per 10 pounds of body weight per day for powder form. This can be adjusted based on the dog’s response and their specific needs.
Plant-Based Omega-3s: Less Effective for Dogs, but Still Valuable
When it comes to omega-3 fatty acids, plant-based options are less efficient for dogs compared to animal sources like fish, as they primarily contain ALA (alpha-linolenic acid). While ALA is an essential omega-3 fatty acid for humans, dogs face challenges in converting ALA to the more bioavailable forms, EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), which are the forms most beneficial for their health. This makes plant-based omega-3s less effective for dogs in supporting the same health benefits as those derived from marine sources.
Why ALA Is Less Effective for Dogs
Dogs have a relatively inefficient ability to convert ALA into EPA and DHA. The process of conversion requires specific enzymes, which dogs do not produce in large enough quantities to convert sufficient ALA into the needed forms of omega-3s. As a result, while plant-based omega-3s can still offer some benefits, they are not as effective at delivering the omega-3s that support joint health, cognitive function, and heart health in the same way that fish-derived omega-3s do.
Nevertheless, plant-based sources of omega-3s are still valuable as part of a balanced diet. They can provide supplemental omega-3s and contribute to overall health but should not be relied on as the primary omega-3 source for dogs.
Common Plant-Based Omega-3 Sources
Flaxseeds: Flaxseeds are one of the most popular plant-based sources of ALA omega-3s. They can be ground and added to your dog’s food. However, the conversion rate of ALA to EPA and DHA is low in dogs, so while flaxseeds may offer some benefits, they should not be relied on exclusively for omega-3 needs.
Chia Seeds: Like flaxseeds, chia seeds are rich in ALA. These tiny seeds are highly nutritious and can be added to a dog’s meals. They can absorb water and form a gel, which can be helpful for digestive health. While chia seeds may offer some benefit, they should be seen as supplementary, not primary, sources of omega-3s for dogs.
Hemp Seeds: Hemp seeds contain ALA as well, along with a well-balanced ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. While these can contribute to overall fatty acid intake in dogs, their conversion to EPA and DHA is also limited. Hemp oil, a more concentrated form, may be more effective but still not as efficient as fish oil or algae oil in providing the omega-3s dogs need for optimal health.
Algae Oil: The Better Plant-Based Alternative
While plant-based sources like flaxseeds and chia seeds are valuable in certain aspects, algae oil is usually a better plant-based option for dogs. Algae oil is derived from marine algae, which naturally produce DHA (and sometimes EPA) without requiring the conversion process. Unlike other plant-based sources that contain ALA, algae oil provides a direct source of DHA, the omega-3 that plays a critical role in brain function, heart health, and reducing inflammation.
Algae oil is especially beneficial for pet parents who prefer to avoid fish-based products for ethical, environmental, or allergy reasons. It provides the same essential omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil, but without the potential risks associated with mercury contamination or fish-based allergens. This makes algae oil a great plant-based alternative for ensuring your dog receives the health benefits of omega-3s.
Algae oil supplements are available in capsules or liquid form and can be incorporated into your dog’s diet just like fish oil. The recommended dosage varies by brand, so it’s important to follow the manufacturer’s guidelines and consult your vet to ensure the right amount for your dog.
While algae oil is a great alternative to fish oil, there are a few differences to consider. One of the main differences is that fish oil generally contains more EPA, an omega-3 that is particularly helpful for reducing inflammation and supporting joint health, while algal oil tends to have more DHA, which is important for brain and eye health. Because of this, if your dog needs more EPA for inflammation or joint issues, fish oil might be a better choice. Additionally, algae oil can be more expensive than fish oil, and it may not be as widely available in stores. Another thing to note is that fish oil is often more bioavailable, meaning it’s easier for dogs to absorb and benefit from. That said, algae oil is still a very good option, especially if you’re looking for a more sustainable, vegetarian, or fish-free supplement. It’s always a good idea to talk to your vet about which type of omega-3 is best for your dog’s specific health needs.
How Much Omega-3 Does Your Cavalier Need?
For general health, the recommended omega-3 dosage, specifically EPA and DHA, is typically between 20 to 55 mg per pound of body weight per day. If your Cavalier has specific health issues, like arthritis or inflammation, the dosage may increase to 50 to 100 mg per pound. If your dog is lacking omega-3s, you might notice signs like dry skin, excessive shedding, joint stiffness, or a dull coat. To ensure you’re giving the right amount, it’s important to consult your vet, who can recommend the proper dosage based on your dog’s size and health concerns.
Final Thoughts
Omega 3s are essential for your Cavalier’s overall health, supporting heart, brain, joint and skin function. By incorporating a variety of high quality omega 3 sources such as fish, green lipped mussels and supplements, you can ensure your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel receives a well rounded intake of these beneficial fatty acids.
Quality matters, so focus on bioavailable forms of EPA and DHA, and always rotate the sources you use to prevent imbalances. Whether you opt for fresh fish, fish oil or green lipped mussels, it’s crucial to store and handle these sources properly to avoid oxidation.
Before making any changes, check with your veterinarian to tailor an omega 3 plan that best suits your Cavalier’s individual health needs. Consistently including omega 3s in their diet will support long term health and vitality, helping your dog thrive at every stage of life.
Do you feed your Cavalier fresh fish?
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Tonya WilhelmHi, I’m Tonya Wilhelm—a positive dog trainer, holistic pet care educator, and proud Cavalier King Charles Spaniel mom. With nearly 30 years of experience helping families raise confident, well-mannered dogs, I focus on trust-based training, enrichment, and natural wellness. I’m also a published author and content creator who shares proactive, effective ways to support your Cavalier’s behavior, health, and daily life. You’ll often hear about Stewart, my sweet Cavalier, and my angel Dexter, who continue to inspire everything I create.
www.cavaliergifts.com
February 26, 2025Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Heart Disease
Mitral Valve Disease (MVD) is something every Cavalier King Charles Spaniel parent should be familiar with. Sadly, this condition is extremely common in the Cavalier breed, but early awareness and proper management can greatly improve a Cavalier’s quality of life. In this blog, we’ll cover what MVD is, why Cavaliers are at risk, how the disease is staged, and which supplements can help support a healthy heart.
A heartfelt thank you to Lisa Davila, BS in Biomedical Science and Hospital Manager at Aggieland Animal Health Center in College Station, Texas, for helping me put together this article. Lisa has not only dedicated her career to animal health but has also been a loving mom to many Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. Her knowledge and experience are truly invaluable!
Understanding Mitral Valve Disease (MVD) in Cavaliers
Mitral Valve Disease (MVD) is a degenerative condition that affects the mitral valve of the heart. The mitral valve is responsible for ensuring blood flows properly between the left atrium and left ventricle. Over time, this valve can weaken and leak, allowing blood to flow backward into the atrium. This puts additional strain on the heart, eventually leading to heart enlargement and, in later stages, congestive heart failure (CHF).
MVD is considered a slow-progressing disease, but it varies from dog to dog. Some Cavaliers may live for years with a mild heart murmur, while others may progress more rapidly. Since MVD is so common in the breed, Cavaliers should be closely examined (cardiac auscultation) annually, to determine if they have a murmur. The presence of a murmur is often the first sign that a dog has degenerative valve disease.
Why Are Cavaliers at Risk of MVD?
Cavalier King Charles Spaniels are unfortunately predisposed to MVD. While any breed can develop valve disease, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels are at the greatest risk for developing degenerative mitral valve disease. Studies have shown that over 50% of Cavaliers develop a heart murmur by the age of 5, and by age 10, that number jumps to nearly 100%.Because MVD has a strong genetic component in Cavaliers, responsible breeding practices are essential. Responsible Cavalier King Charles Spaniel breeders ensure their breeding dogs undergo echocardiograms conducted by board-certified cardiologists. When considering a puppy, both parents should have cardiologist-issued heart clearances and be at least 2.5 years old at the time of breeding. Additionally, all four grandparents should be over the age of 5 and heart-clear. However, even with careful breeding, the risk remains high in the breed.
The Stages of MVD
MVD is typically classified into different stages based on its progression. Early detection and monitoring are crucial to managing the disease effectively.
Stage A – Dogs at risk for MVD but without any current signs (e.g., all Cavaliers are considered Stage A at birth because of their predisposition).
Stage B1 – A veterinarian detects a heart murmur, but there is no evidence of heart enlargement on X-rays or echocardiograms.
Stage B2 – A heart murmur is present, and imaging confirms heart enlargement. At this stage, medication such as Vetmedin (pimobendan) is often started to help delay the onset of congestive heart failure.
Stage C – Congestive heart failure (CHF) is present, meaning the heart can no longer compensate for the disease. Symptoms such as coughing, lethargy, and difficulty breathing may be noticeable. Medications are necessary to help manage the condition.
Stage D – End-stage CHF, where symptoms become harder to control even with medications.
Once a dog reaches Stage B2, most cardiologists recommend starting treatment to slow disease progression. Regular checkups and echocardiograms help ensure the right treatment plan is in place.
The Truth About Grain-Free Diets and Heart Disease in Cavaliers
With all the discussion surrounding Mitral Valve Disease (MVD) in Cavaliers, you may have come across concerns about grain-free diets and their potential link to heart disease. It’s important to separate the headlines from the facts when it comes to feeding our Cavaliers the best diet for heart health.
The debate about grain-free dog food largely stems from concerns about dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a condition where the heart muscle weakens, leading to poor function and potential heart failure. While DCM is a serious disease, the concern over grain-free diets has often been misinterpreted. The issue isn’t necessarily the lack of grains but rather the high levels of starchy carbohydrates like peas, lentils, legumes, and potatoes that are often used as substitutes in processed grain-free kibble.
Cavaliers are already predisposed to MVD, not DCM, which is a different heart condition with different causes. However, diet still plays a critical role in supporting heart health. The best way to provide a heart-healthy diet for your Cavalier is to focus on fresh, whole foods rich in high-quality animal proteins rather than relying on highly processed kibble, whether it contains grains or not. Read more about feeding your Cavalier a fresh diet.
Dr. Karen Becker explains it best: “The problem with grain-free formulas isn’t the lack of grains. At a minimum, it’s the high level of starchy carbohydrates coupled with the extreme high-heat processing methods used to produce these diets.”
Rather than worrying about whether a diet is labeled as “grain-free,” focus on feeding a fresh, balanced diet with high-quality proteins, healthy fats, and low-glycemic vegetables. Rotating proteins and using whole-food ingredients can help ensure your Cavalier gets the nutrients they need to support a healthy heart.
If you’re unsure about your dog’s diet, seek guidance from a veterinarian with a strong background in canine nutrition, not just one who sells prescription diets in the clinic. A certified veterinary food therapist (CVFT) can be a great resource when designing a diet that supports heart health while avoiding unnecessary fillers.
A well-balanced, species-appropriate diet can play a key role in keeping your Cavalier’s heart strong and healthy for years to come.
Heart-Healthy Supplements for Cavaliers with MVD
While MVD cannot be cured, a combination of medications, lifestyle management, and supplements can help support heart function and overall well-being. Below are some key supplements that may benefit Cavaliers with or at risk for MVD:
MCT Oil (Medium-Chain Triglycerides) – Provides an alternative energy source for the heart muscle. One recommended brand is Natural Force Organic MCT Oil (1 tsp daily with food). Before giving your Cavalier coconut oil, please read this article on MCAD in the Cavalier.
Amino Acids (Lysine, Methionine, L-Carnitine, Taurine) – Help maintain heart muscle contractility and serve as antioxidants.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids – Reduce inflammation, decrease clot risk, help prevent heart muscle loss, and support healthy blood pressure. Nordic Naturals Omega Pet Liquid is a high-quality option.
Vitamin E – Acts as both an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory.
Magnesium – Plays a crucial role in heart muscle contraction and maintaining a healthy heart rhythm.
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) – A powerful antioxidant that supports heart function. Life Extension 100 mg capsules are a great choice.
Recommended Supplement Blends
If you prefer a multi-ingredient supplement, these options are formulated specifically for heart health:
Rx Vitamins for Pets Formula CV – Includes amino acids, magnesium, Vitamin E, CoQ10, and hawthorn berry extract (safe unless the dog is on Vetmedin).
VetriScience Cardio Strength Capsules – Similar to the Rx Vitamins formula but without hawthorn berry extract, making it safe for all MVD stages and medications.
Recap & Common Questions About MVD in Cavaliers
Mitral Valve Disease (MVD) is a serious but manageable heart condition that affects many Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. Early detection, responsible breeding, proper veterinary care, and supportive supplements can all play a role in keeping your Cavalier’s heart as healthy as possible.
What are the early signs of MVD in Cavaliers?
The first noticeable symptom is often a heart murmur, detected during a cardiologist visit. As the disease progresses, signs can include coughing, fatigue, labored breathing, and reduced exercise tolerance.
How long can a Cavalier live with mitral valve disease?
Many Cavaliers live for years after an MVD diagnosis, especially with early detection and proper management. While every dog is different, with the right veterinary care, medications, and supplements, Cavaliers can still enjoy a good quality of life.
What are the final stages of MVD in dogs?
In the later stages, MVD leads to congestive heart failure (CHF). Symptoms include severe coughing, difficulty breathing, lethargy, fainting, and fluid buildup in the lungs or abdomen. At this stage, medication and veterinary support are essential for comfort.
How do you treat MVD in Cavaliers?
Treatment typically includes veterinary-prescribed medications to support heart function and manage symptoms. Additionally, heart-healthy supplements, such as taurine, CoQ10, and omega-3 fatty acids, can provide extra support. Feeding a fresh, species-appropriate diet may also contribute to overall heart health.
Final Thoughts
A heart-healthy fresh diet, proper weight management, and the right combination of supplements can help support your Cavalier’s heart at any stage of MVD, even before a murmur is detected. Early intervention and regular veterinary care are key to helping our beloved Cavaliers live longer, healthier lives.
A big thank you to Lisa for sharing her knowledge on this topic! If you have any questions, feel free to ask, and don’t forget to check out Lisa and Jiminy on Instagram!
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Tonya WilhelmHi, I’m Tonya Wilhelm—a positive dog trainer, holistic pet care educator, and proud Cavalier King Charles Spaniel mom. With nearly 30 years of experience helping families raise confident, well-mannered dogs, I focus on trust-based training, enrichment, and natural wellness. I’m also a published author and content creator who shares proactive, effective ways to support your Cavalier’s behavior, health, and daily life. You’ll often hear about Stewart, my sweet Cavalier, and my angel Dexter, who continue to inspire everything I create.
www.cavaliergifts.com
January 23, 2025Supporting Your Senior Cavalier King Charles Spaniel: The Ultimate Guide to Aging Cavaliers
After 15 amazing years with my Cavalier, Dexter it was his time to go to the rainbow bridge. It’s never an easy decision to make and since then, I have been thinking back on our life together. Over the course of his life, I wrote a lot about Dexter on my first blog, Raising Your Pets Naturally. Now, with Stewart, my 7-month-old rescue Cavalier King Charles Spaniel puppy, I’m starting fresh, but with all that I’ve learned from Dexter’s senior years. I thought this would be a good time to explore when a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is considered a senior, their lifespan, common health concerns, and how we can support our Cavaliers through every stage of life.
At What Age Is a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Considered a Senior?
If you’re wondering, “When does a Cavalier reach old age?” The answer varies depending on factors like genetics and health. Typically, small breed dogs like Cavaliers are considered seniors between 7 and 10 years old. While this is a general guideline, you may notice your dog showing signs of aging earlier or later.
Some indicators of senior status include:
Decreased Interest in Play: They may be less enthusiastic about toys or games they used to enjoy.
Weight Changes: Unexplained weight gain or loss can be a sign of aging or underlying health issues.
Changes in Vision or Hearing: Difficulty seeing or responding to cues may suggest declining eyesight or hearing.
Increased Time Spent Resting: Senior dogs often nap more during the day and may tire easily after exercise.
Changes in Appetite: They may eat less or show more picky eating habits.
Difficulty Climbing Stairs or Jumping: You might notice hesitancy or struggle with previously easy physical activities.
Behavioral Changes: Increased anxiety, clinginess, or even irritability may indicate aging.
Frequent Bathroom Breaks: Aging can bring bladder control issues or an increased need to urinate.
Dull or Thinning Coat: Their fur might lose its luster or feel thinner in certain areas.
Dental Issues: Bad breath, difficulty chewing, or loss of teeth can become more prominent.
Reduced Tolerance for Cold or Heat: Seniors may seek out warmth or avoid strenuous activity in hot weather.
Increased Vocalization: They may bark or whine more often, potentially due to discomfort, anxiety, or confusion.
Cognitive Changes: Signs of canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) include disorientation, restlessness, or forgetting familiar routines.
Slower movement or stiffness in the morning: Your Cavalier may take a little longer to get going in the mornings, which can be a sign of joint stiffness or early arthritis.
Graying fur, often around the muzzle: Just like humans, dogs may develop gray hairs as they age, particularly around their face.
But don’t worry, aging doesn’t mean your Cavalier is slowing down in spirit! With the right care and attention, they can still enjoy life to the fullest.
What Is the Life Expectancy of a Cavalier?
You may have heard the question, “How long do Cavaliers live?” The average lifespan of a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is approximately 10.45 years. This is based on a 2022 UK study of veterinary data. However, some studies suggest a slightly longer lifespan, with a 2024 UK study indicating an average of 11.8 years for the breed. The typical lifespan of a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is around 9-14 years. That said, some Cavaliers, like Dexter, surpass this average with proper care, while others may face challenges earlier due to health conditions.
Common Health Issues in Cavaliers
Cavaliers are an incredibly loving and joyful breed, but they do have a predisposition to certain health issues. Knowing what to watch for and being proactive in their care can help them live a happy and long life.
Mitral Valve Disease (MVD): Nearly every Cavalier King Charles Spaniel owner will face mitral valve disease at some point if their dog lives long enough. This heart condition affects the valve’s ability to close properly, leading to a heart murmur and, eventually, heart failure if untreated. Yearly heart check-ups with a cardiologist can help monitor and manage this condition.
Chiari-like Malformation (CM): Because of the breed’s unique head shape, it’s estimated that 95 to 99% of Cavaliers will develop a condition called Chiari-like malformation (CM). This happens when the skull is a bit too small for the brain, causing part of the brain to push into the spinal canal. CM can result in pain, weakness, or in severe cases, even paralysis. While there’s no cure, symptoms can often be managed with medications and regular vet check-ups, helping your dog feel more comfortable.
Hip Dysplasia and Patella Luxation: While less common in Cavaliers compared to larger breeds, these conditions can cause joint pain and mobility issues. Patella luxation, which is a dislocation of the kneecap, is more common in Cavaliers and can lead to lameness and discomfort. Keeping your Cavalier at a healthy weight is key to reducing stress on their joints and managing these conditions.
Eye and Ear Problems: Cavaliers are prone to progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), cataracts, and ear infections. Regular grooming and vet visits help catch these issues early.
Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD): IVDD is a condition where the discs in your dog’s spine become damaged or degenerate, causing pain, weakness, or even paralysis in severe cases. Cavaliers are particularly vulnerable to this, especially as they age. Be on the lookout for signs of discomfort, difficulty moving, or dragging their back legs.
Myoclonus: Myoclonus refers to muscle twitches or jerks that can occur in Cavalier seniors, especially around the head or neck area. While it’s usually not painful, it’s important to consult with a vet to rule out underlying issues such as neurological problems.
Medium-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (MCAD) Deficiency: This genetic condition affects Cavaliers’ ability to properly metabolize certain fats, which can lead to serious health problems, including low blood sugar, lethargy, and, in severe cases, sudden death. The great thing is that there’s a quick and easy at-home swab test available to check if your Cavalier has MCAD. It’s a simple step that can give you peace of mind and help catch this condition early. It’s a proactive way to care for your Cavalier’s long-term health.
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Supporting Your Cavalier Through All Life Stages
Caring for a senior Cavalier means making thoughtful changes to their routine. As our dogs get older, their needs shift in different ways. They may slow down, develop new health concerns, or simply need more comfort. These changes are completely normal, and it’s up to us to help them adjust so they can continue to feel their best. With a little extra care and attention, we can make sure they stay happy, healthy, and comfortable as they age. Whether it’s modifying their diet, adjusting their exercise, or making small changes to your home, these little changes go a long way in supporting their well-being. After all, they’ve given us so many wonderful years of love and companionship, and now it’s our turn to return the favor.
Nutrition for Senior Cavaliers
As your Cavalier enters their senior years, their nutritional needs often shift to support their changing bodies. A balanced diet made with fresh, high-quality ingredients like Omega-3s, antioxidants, glucosamine, and chondroitin can help maintain joint health, cognitive function, and overall vitality. Glucosamine and chondroitin play an essential role in supporting cartilage and joint health and can be included in their diet through natural sources like bone broth, chicken feet, or beef trachea, or through supplements if needed. Adding these fresh foods as part of their meals or even as toppers can provide a natural boost that processed options often lack. Every dog is unique, so working with your vet or a canine nutritionist is key to crafting a plan that meets your Cavalier’s specific needs.
When Dexter was diagnosed with kidney issues in his senior years, I found that his diet needed some adjustments. He had been raw-fed for most of his life, but with the help of his veterinarian, I transitioned him to a customized, home-cooked diet to better support his health. Bones, which are a staple in raw feeding, are high in phosphorus, a mineral I needed to limit. To make up for the lack of bone calcium, I switched to eggshell calcium, which is lower in phosphorus and just as effective.
I also began boiling his meat and discarding the cooking water, which helped reduce the phosphorus content even further. I carefully selected foods that were naturally lower in phosphorus, like certain vegetables and proteins. Dexter was also starting to lose weight, so I added carbs like rice and sweet potatoes to help him maintain his energy and body condition.
These changes made a big difference in his quality of life. While home-cooking may not be for everyone, it’s worth exploring alternatives to prescription diets if your Cavalier develops a medical condition. A good veterinarian or certified dog nutritionist can guide you in creating a plan that meets your dog’s needs without compromising on fresh, wholesome ingredients.
💡 Pro tip: Every Cavalier is unique, and what works for one dog may not work for another. Always partner with your vet or a canine nutritionist to find the best approach for your senior Cavalier. Giving them a fresh diet tailored to their needs is one of the best ways to show your love and care during their golden years.
Exercise and Mental Enrichment
Gentle exercise is important for keeping your senior Cavalier feeling their best, but it’s all about adjusting to their abilities. When Dexter reached his senior years, mosey walks became our go-to. He loved taking his time, sniffing every blade of grass, and enjoying the world at his own pace. When he got tired, I’d pop him into his stroller so we could continue our adventure without overdoing it. That stroller wasn’t just for outdoor strolls either, it was perfect for indoor store adventures, allowing him to stay engaged and part of the action while giving his body the rest it needed.
Mental enrichment was just as important as physical exercise. One of Dexter’s favorite activities was a “find it” game with cardboard boxes. I’d hide a treat in a box, spread them around, and watch his excitement as he used his nose to uncover the prize. It was the perfect mix of mental stimulation and gentle movement. For senior Cavaliers, simple adjustments like these can make a huge difference. Whether it’s a slow walk, a stroller ride, or an engaging puzzle, finding activities that fit their needs helps them stay vibrant and connected to the world around them.
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Natural Therapies for Senior Cavaliers
As Cavaliers age, their bodies may need extra support to stay comfortable and mobile. Therapies like at-home laser treatments, physical therapy, and acupuncture made a big difference for Dexter in his senior years. Actually, Dexter had these treatments the majority of his life due to his Chiari malformation. These options can reduce pain, improve mobility, and help manage chronic conditions like arthritis.
Dexter had regular physical therapy visits, where he worked with a canine rehabilitation specialist to keep his joints moving and his muscles strong. I also had simple at-home exercises to follow up with between visits, ensuring he stayed as active as possible without overdoing it. Using a laser therapy device at home helped target areas of stiffness or soreness, and his PEMF (Pulsed Electromagnetic Field) bed became one of his favorite spots to rest. PEMF therapy didn’t just support his comfort but also promoted better circulation and reduced inflammation.
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Acupuncture was another natural treatment that worked well for Dexter, offering gentle relief from discomfort and improving his overall quality of life. These treatments, along with his regular routine, were all part of ensuring he was comfortable and able to enjoy his senior years to the fullest.
If you’re considering these therapies for your Cavalier, talk with your Cavalier’s holistic vet or a canine rehabilitation specialist. They can guide you toward the best options for your Cavalier’s individual needs and help create a plan to support their comfort and mobility.
Veterinary Care and Preventative Check-Ups
Regular vet visits are essential, especially as your Cavalier gets older. I recommend scheduling check-ups at least once a year, but if your dog is on medications or managing a condition, like Dexter was, labs every 4 months can give you a better picture of their health. Semi-annual check-ups are also a good idea to catch early signs of issues like MVD, joint problems, or anything else that may need attention. Don’t hesitate to bring up any subtle changes you’ve noticed, whether it’s weight loss, fatigue, or coughing. Early intervention is key, and your vet can provide valuable guidance to help you manage your Cavalier’s health, ensuring they stay happy and comfortable as they age.
Cardiologist Visits
I highly recommend that every Cavalier sees a cardiologist at least once a year. Cardiologists specialize in heart health and truly understand the ins and outs of heart disease, including conditions like MVD, which Cavaliers are prone to. Even if your dog hasn’t been diagnosed with anything serious yet, a cardiologist can spot early signs of issues that might not be apparent to you or your regular vet. If your Cavalier is diagnosed with MVD, your cardiologist may recommend more frequent visits to monitor the progression of the disease and adjust their treatment plan as needed. Having a heart specialist on your team gives you peace of mind and ensures you’re taking proactive steps to care for your dog’s heart health.
Making Your Home Senior-Friendly
As your Cavalier enters their senior years, small changes around the house can make a world of difference in how they move and rest. Senior dogs often experience joint stiffness, and their mobility may not be what it once was, so providing a comfortable and safe environment helps them feel at ease. These adjustments don’t have to be drastic, but they can really support your dog’s needs as they age.
Ramps or Steps: It’s always a good idea to have ramps or steps in place, even if your Cavalier is still young. Jumping down from furniture can put strain on their joints and neck, leading to potential issues down the road. Ramps or steps make it easier for them to get on and off the couch or into the car, preventing unnecessary stress on their bodies. These additions are a simple way to protect your Cavalier from injury and support their mobility throughout all stages of life, ensuring they can continue to join in on the fun without risk.
Orthopedic Beds: Comfort is key when it comes to senior Cavaliers. Cushioned orthopedic beds provide much-needed support for aging joints and pressure points. Dexter was a fan of cooling mats all year, so I made sure to place them throughout the house, including on his beds, to keep him cool. But I always left at least one bed without a cooling mat, in case he wanted to curl up and stay cozy. The goal is to ensure they have a comfortable place to rest, with options that suit their changing needs.
Non-Slip Surfaces: Slippery floors can be a senior dog’s worst enemy. To prevent falls, I recommend adding rugs or carpets to high-traffic areas, especially in places like the kitchen or hallway. You can also try ToeGrips(use promo code: DEXTER for 10% Off Your First Order), which help with traction, so your Cavalier can walk confidently. Making sure they have a stable environment to navigate helps keep them safe, especially when they’re getting around slower than they used to.
How Long Do Cavaliers Live? Cherish Every Moment
If there’s one thing Dexter taught me, it’s to appreciate the little moments, whether it was a slow morning walk, the rare occasion when he’d want to be close and rest in the nook of my legs, or simply watching him nap and snore in the sunshine. Dexter wasn’t much of a cuddler, but when he wanted to be near me, I made sure to savor those times. Our Cavaliers may not live as long as we’d like, but the joy they bring into our lives is something we’ll never forget.
When Stewart reaches his senior years, I know I’ll be ready to give him the care and love he deserves. For now, I’m soaking up every playful, puppy-filled moment.
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Tonya WilhelmHi, I’m Tonya Wilhelm—a positive dog trainer, holistic pet care educator, and proud Cavalier King Charles Spaniel mom. With nearly 30 years of experience helping families raise confident, well-mannered dogs, I focus on trust-based training, enrichment, and natural wellness. I’m also a published author and content creator who shares proactive, effective ways to support your Cavalier’s behavior, health, and daily life. You’ll often hear about Stewart, my sweet Cavalier, and my angel Dexter, who continue to inspire everything I create.
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October 1, 2024MCAD deficiency in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels
Last year, on my Raising Your Pets Naturally blog, I shared information about a relatively new health condition found in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels: Medium-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency. As many Cavalier families know, this breed is already prone to several health issues, and adding another one to the list is upsetting.
MCAD deficiency is a genetic condition that impacts how the body breaks down certain fats for energy. Recent research has found some Cavaliers who have symptoms such as seizures, lethargy, and other health issues may have MCAD.
The initial study that brought this to the general public’s attention focused on a three-year-old male Cavalier who was experiencing seizures and unusual tiredness. After examining his blood and urine, researchers discovered elevated medium-chain fatty acids, pointing to MCAD deficiency. They then sequenced the dog’s genome and identified a specific change in the ACADM gene, which is associated with this condition.
When the researchers tested this genetic variant in 162 Cavaliers, they found that about 23.5 percent of the dogs carried the mutation. This discovery is important because it suggests that MCAD deficiency might be the reason behind the seizures and other symptoms we sometimes see in Cavaliers.
Here are some symptoms to watch for:
Seizures: Seizures or convulsions can be a key indicator of potential MCAD deficiency.
Lethargy: Unexplained and prolonged tiredness could be a sign of an underlying issue like MCAD deficiency.
Intermittent Health Issues: These episodes might include vomiting, decreased energy, or more severe symptoms like seizures.
Unsteady Gait: Difficulty walking or balance issues could occur during episodes.
Loss of Appetite: A sudden loss of interest in food might indicate a problem.
Low Blood Sugar (Hypoglycemia): This can lead to weakness, shakiness, disorientation, and seizures.
Abnormal Behavior: Changes in behavior, such as irritability or confusion, might be linked to a metabolic disorder.
Respiratory Distress: In severe cases, dogs might experience difficulty breathing during an episode.
Frequent Infections: Some dogs with MCAD deficiency may be more prone to infections.
Neurological Symptoms: Symptoms like circling, head pressing, or lack of coordination could be signs of this condition.
I know, right? A lot of these symptoms are also symptoms of other Cavalier King Charles Spaniel medical issues. While these symptoms can be caused by various factors, it’s important to consider MCAD deficiency, especially if your Cavalier is showing multiple signs.
Consider Getting Your Cavalier Tested for MCAD Deficiency
If you’re concerned about MCAD deficiency and its impact on your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, getting your dog tested is a straightforward step you can take. The test involves a simple at-home swab, which you can easily order and perform yourself. This can provide valuable insights into whether your Cavalier carries the gene associated with MCAD deficiency.
For those thinking about adding a new Cavalier puppy to their family, it’s encouraging to know that many responsible breeders are proactively testing their breeding pairs and even the grandparents. This testing helps ensure that future puppies are less likely to inherit MCAD deficiency, contributing to healthier generations of Cavaliers.
Testing is a proactive measure that can help you make informed decisions about your dog’s health and well-being. If you’re interested in testing, talk to your veterinarian or reach out to a reputable lab for more information on how to get started.
For Cavaliers at risk of MCAD deficiency, diet plays a crucial role. Since these dogs might struggle to break down medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs), it’s recommended to be mindful of their diet:
Limit MCTs: Foods high in MCTs, like coconut oil, palm oil, and milk products, including yogurt might need to be limited in dogs with this genetic variant.
Watch High-Fat Diets: A balanced diet, without excessive fats, is key for Cavaliers with potential MCAD deficiency.
Cavaliers that haven’t been tested for MCAD deficiency should avoid foods high in MCTs. Without knowing their genetic status, it’s best to be cautious to prevent potential health issues like seizures or other symptoms associated with the condition. If your Cavalier has had a diet rich in MCTs for a few years without any of the symptoms listed above, you may consider continuing to feed. However, the test is pretty easy and inexpensive, so it might be just easier and safer to test to know for sure.
The research on MCAD deficiency in Cavaliers is ongoing, and it’s vital for more Cavaliers to be tested. A simple swab test can determine whether your Cavalier carries the gene associated with MCAD. This testing is important not just for your Cavalier’s care, but also for responsible breeding practices to reduce the prevalence of this mutation in future generations. If you test, please contact your Cavalier’s breeder with the results.
Testing for MCADD
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As of June, 2024, the latest stats from a Facebook group dedicated to MCAD deficiency in Cavaliers show the following:
Genetically Affected: 49 dogs (9.78%)
Clinically Affected: 6 dogs (1.2%)
Carriers: 238 dogs (47.5%)
Clear: 214 dogs (42.7%)
These numbers highlight the importance of testing and awareness within our Cavalier community. By staying informed and proactive, we can continue to support the health and well-being of our Cavaliers.
Managing MCAD Deficiency: Diet and Care Tips
If your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel has been diagnosed with MCAD deficiency, managing their condition effectively involves careful attention to their diet and feeding schedule. I would suggest a good heart to heart with your dog’s holistic veterinarian. If your Cavalier does have MCAD deficiency you will need to avoid a high-fat diet and avoid foods high in medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs). Don’t forget to read those ingredient panels on all the foods, treats, and chews you feed your Cavalier.
Although MCAD deficiency is serious in Cavaliers, a good food protocol can help ensure your Cavalier still leads a full and enriched life.
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Tonya WilhelmHi, I’m Tonya Wilhelm—a positive dog trainer, holistic pet care educator, and proud Cavalier King Charles Spaniel mom. With nearly 30 years of experience helping families raise confident, well-mannered dogs, I focus on trust-based training, enrichment, and natural wellness. I’m also a published author and content creator who shares proactive, effective ways to support your Cavalier’s behavior, health, and daily life. You’ll often hear about Stewart, my sweet Cavalier, and my angel Dexter, who continue to inspire everything I create.
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July 10, 2024Choosing a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Breeder
While I understand the “adopt don’t shop” idea, there are valid reasons to purchase a purebred Cavalier King Charles Spaniel from a responsible Cavalier breeder. I’ve received numerous requests on how to find a good Cavalier King Charles Spaniel puppy breeder, so let’s dive into my personal thoughts and considerations.
Educate Yourself on the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Breed
First things first, it’s crucial to understand the breed you’re interested in. Cavaliers are charming, affectionate, and beautiful, but they also have specific needs and characteristics. Learning about the typical Cavalier personality and care can help you in deciding if a Cavalier is the right breed for your family.
Dive into the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Breed Information
The internet has a ton of information about Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. Not all good, so take everything with a grain of salt. I would suggest looking at Cavalier King Charles Spaniel national breed clubs and Cavalier rescues. They tend to have a lot of very helpful information. Spend time reading about Cavaliers to understand their grooming care, behavior traits, size, and medical concerns.
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Temperament and Personality: Cavaliers are known for their friendly and affectionate nature. They thrive on companionship and are often described as “lap dogs” or “love sponges” because they love to snuggle. But, they aren’t all snuggle bugs, and it’s important to note that they are spaniels, which stem from hunting genes, so they can be very active little dogs. Interestingly, Dexter is now almost fifteen, and, over the years, I have met a lot of Cavalier families who downsized from golden retrievers, I was one of them. I think because they have that same personality of fun and eagerness to be part of the family activities.
When taught properly, they are often good with children and other dogs and adapt well to a variety of living environments. I do say when taught properly, as you can’t assume you can toss any dog into a situation and they will handle it as we had hoped. As a side note, please check out my YouTube channel, Dexter the Dog and Friends, to learn more about raising kids and dogs together.
Dexter’s school assembly!
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Maintenance and Grooming: Cavaliers require regular grooming due to their silky and long coats. This includes brushing several times a week to prevent mats and tangles. Silky? Well, some Cavaliers have a much thicker coat than others. Take my Dexter, for example. He has very long fur, and it’s silky but also super thick. Daily brushing is even better if you can swing it. It will really help to prevent mats in the first place.
Regular baths are important too. If you are using a truly natural dog shampoo (I use 4-Legger) that does not have any harmful ingredients, you can bathe as needed. When Dexter was a visiting therapy dog, he had to have a scrub-a-dub-dub before his visits, so that was weekly or every two weeks for us. But now, he gets a bath every three to four weeks. Their nails should also be trimmed regularly, and their teeth brushed daily to maintain good dental health.
Grooming Tips. Subscribe to my @RaisingYourPetsNaturally YouTube channel for more.
Trimming Your Cavalier King Charles Spaniel: Talk about a controversy! I am always pro it’s your dog; do what is best for them and you. Dexter has Chiari malformation (more on that below) and because of that, grooming is uncomfortable. Therefore, I have always kept him in a puppy cut. I lighten that thick fur, shorten him up, trim his ears, and keep his slippers short. Slippers, BTW, are the fur around their feet, or Grinch feet. If you want to keep their Grinch feet full, it is important to still trim their foot pads to prevent slipping.
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Medical Conditions: This is where our beloved breed suffers the most. Cavaliers are prone to several hereditary conditions. It’s essential to be aware of these and ensure your breeder is proactive in health testing because that’s the only way to help our Cavaliers out of their medical mess. Key health concerns include mitral valve disease (MVD), hip dysplasia, Chiari malformation (CM) and syringomyelia (SM), and patellar luxation. Reputable breeders will conduct specific screenings to minimize the risk of these conditions in their puppies.
Understanding Health Testing for Cavaliers
For Cavaliers, it’s crucial that both the breeding dogs and their parents are health tested for hereditary diseases. It’s not just the breeding pair, but the grandparents too! The grandparents have a longer history, testing and health records. A highly regarded breeding Cavalier should be over 2.5 years old, with parents that are MVD heart clear and MRI scanned clear of CM/SM. A reputable breeder will eagerly provide copies of health certificates of each parent and grandparents or links to tests. If not, be sure to ask. If they are hesitant to share, I would be hesitant to move forward.
Mitral Valve Disease (MVD): Every breeding Cavalier King Charles Spaniel should have an annual heart exam by a board-certified veterinary cardiologist. The parents of your prospective puppy should have heart clearances from a cardiologist and be at least 2.5 years old at the time of breeding. All four grandparents should be over the age of 5 and heart clear.
Syringomyelia (SM) and Chiari Malformation (CM): Both parents should have MRI scans showing them clear of CM/SM after reaching 2 years of age. It’s even better if the grandparents have also undergone MRI scans and are clear of CM/SM.
Hips: OFA requires that a Cavalier be a minimum of 2 years old for hips to be certified. It’s recommended for grandparents to have certified hips as well.
Patellas: Testing should be done annually to ensure healthy knees and to prevent luxation in both parents.
Medium-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (MCAD): MCAD is a metabolic disorder that affects how Cavalier King Charles Spaniels process certain fats for energy. It’s caused by a genetic mutation that can lead to metabolic imbalances. DNA testing is essential to identify Cavaliers carrying the mutation and prevent passing it on to their offspring. This is a newer (Summer 2023) DNA test.
Episodic Falling Syndrome (EFS): Is a hereditary neurological disorder affecting Cavaliers. Breeders should ensure all Cavalier breeding dogs undergo DNA testing for EFS before mating.
Dry Eye Curly Coat Syndrome: An inherited disease that affects the eyes, skin, and feet of Cavalier. It can be detected through a DNA test.
Dry Eye: Testing for dry eye in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels involves a DNA health test to identify the presence of the genetic mutation associated with dry eye, curly coat syndrome. Testing ensures early detection and appropriate management of this hereditary condition in breeding dogs.
Don’t forget to subscribe to our @CavalierTipsandFun YouTube channel for more!
The Importance of Puppy Socialization
Puppies develop both physically and mentally right out of the gate, and even during pregnancy! A stressed mom can produce stressed, unhealthy puppies. A responsible breeder not only ensures a Cavalier puppy is medically healthy, but behaviorally as well. Breeders should prioritize the physical and mental well-being of Cavalier puppies by starting basic socialization at home. This includes introducing puppies to children, adults, outdoor environments, handling and grooming, and exposing them to different textures and obstacles.
Finding a Good Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Breeder
Many national breed clubs provide breeder lists, which are a great starting point. Look within a specific mile radius you are willing to drive to meet the breeder and puppies. Breeder websites should have detailed information on health testing and puppy socialization.
When you find a few breeders who look good on paper, contact them via email or phone. Discuss your goals and hopes for your new family member. You are looking for a connection with a breeder just like you are looking for a connection with your puppy.
Visiting the Breeder and Their Cavaliers
I recommend setting up a date and time to meet the breeder in their home and visit with their Cavaliers. Seeing the living situation and behavior of their dogs in person is a great indicator of how the puppies will turn out. Look for happy breeding dogs that are part of the family. Some breeders may be hesitant about home visits, but it’s essential for you to feel comfortable with the environment where your puppy is being raised.
Picking out Dexter! FYI he was 5 weeks here, I would bring him home at 12 weeks.
Choosing Your Cavalier Puppy
This could be an entire article on its own, but here are a few highlights to get you started. TAKE YOUR TIME! This is not a time to make a quick decision or an impulse buy. You are choosing your next family member, a living creature with strong emotions that will hopefully be with you for the next ten to twenty years.
Before meeting the puppies, have an idea about what you want to do with your Cavalier puppy and future dog. Are you looking for a canine athlete? Or maybe a therapy dog to visit children or the elderly? The personality traits of those two puppies can be quite different, so knowing your goals will help in choosing the best Cavalier King Charles Spaniel puppy for you, your family, and your goals.
Bringing Your New Cavalier Puppy Home
Picking up a new Cavalier puppy typically happens when the pup is between 12-15 weeks of age. Prepare your car for your new puppy before arriving at the breeder’s home. Items to have on hand include a travel crate, puppy blankets, healthy treats, water and bowl, and a leash and harness. If your journey includes an overnight stay, pack items for a dog friendly hotel stay.
Air Travel Considerations
I personally would never fly any of my pets in cargo, nor would I have my puppy shipped to me. Meeting the breeder, dogs, and puppies is essential. If you plan on a plane ride home, check with the airlines on what they will need before your departure.
Maintaining Contact with Your Breeder
When breeders are committed to the breed’s well-being, they may ask you to provide specific health tests on your puppy throughout its life. This means the breeder is looking to see how the puppies develop, and if there are any medical concerns over their life, they may not breed that pair again. In my book, this speaks volumes about what a responsible breeder really is.
Now that you have a healthy and behaviorally sound Cavalier puppy, it’s your job to start socialization and training. You and your puppy are ready for a lifetime of fun and joy.
I hope this updated article helps your readers in their quest to find a reputable Cavalier King Charles Spaniel breeder. Good luck at finding your BFF!
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Tonya WilhelmHi, I’m Tonya Wilhelm—a positive dog trainer, holistic pet care educator, and proud Cavalier King Charles Spaniel mom. With nearly 30 years of experience helping families raise confident, well-mannered dogs, I focus on trust-based training, enrichment, and natural wellness. I’m also a published author and content creator who shares proactive, effective ways to support your Cavalier’s behavior, health, and daily life. You’ll often hear about Stewart, my sweet Cavalier, and my angel Dexter, who continue to inspire everything I create.
cavaliergifts.com
June 8, 2024Treatment options for Chiari malformation and Syringomyelia
My best friend, Dexter the Dog, was diagnosed with Chiari malformation and syringomyelia in 2012, just before his third birthday. This diagnosis hit me hard. Over the past twelve years, I’ve shared a lot about Dexter’s diagnosis, care, and treatments on my Raising Your Pets Naturally blog and YouTube channel.
Since I recently started this blog dedicated to Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, I thought it would be a good time to write an update on Dexter’s care and what I’ve learned. I am also happy to say that at almost fifteen, Dexter is doing amazingly well! I hope you find this article on Chiari malformation and syringomyelia in dogs helpful. Please share this information to help others dealing with this heartbreaking diagnosis learn about the many helpful and natural treatments for dogs with Chiari malformation and syringomyelia.
What is Chiari Malformation (CM) and Syringomyelia (SM)
Chiari malformation commonly affects Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Chihuahuas, Brussels Griffons, Yorkshire Terriers, Maltese, Pomeranians, Toy Poodles, and Shih Tzus. In dogs with CM, the skull is too small to hold their brain properly. This overcrowding forces parts of the brain, specifically the cerebellum and medulla, out of their normal positions. The cerebellum controls movement and balance, while the medulla is connected to breathing and heart rate.
When these brain parts are pushed out of place, they obstruct the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Cerebrospinal fluid is in the brain and spinal cord and acts as a natural cushion, protecting the brain. When the flow of CSF is blocked, it can lead to a buildup of pressure and result in serious neurological issues and can form syringomyelia (SM), a condition where fluid-filled cavities form within the spinal cord.
In Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Chiari malformation is a congenital issue, meaning they are born with it. Dr. Clare Rusbridge established a breeding protocol to help reduce CM/SM in puppies. Following the breeding protocol is crucial for reducing the risk of Chiari malformation (CM) and syringomyelia (SM) in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. If both parents have CM/SM, puppies are 92 percent likely to be affected, while the risk drops to 77 percent if only one parent is affected. If both parents are clear of CM/SM, there is a 70 percent chance their puppies will be clear, rising to 87 percent if the grandparents are also clear. Potential Cavalier families should seek breeders who perform this testing to ensure healthier puppies. The only way to diagnose Chiari malformation and syringomyelia definitively is through an MRI scan.
Recognizing Chiari malformation is vital for Cavalier King Charles Spaniel families because early detection and treatment can greatly improve the quality of life for dogs with this condition. If you notice symptoms like uncoordinated movements, sensitivity around the head and neck, or any other unusual behaviors, it’s important to consult with your veterinarian as soon as possible.
Symptoms of Chiari Malformation and Syringomyelia in Dogs
Symptoms of CM and SM in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels and other breeds can vary. About a year before Dexter’s diagnosis, he began showing some random and unusual behaviors. And they didn’t happen all the time.
Fixating at dust particles in the sunlight.
Fidgeting and biting at his rear end. His vet initially thought it was anal glands, but they really weren’t that full, and he continued to do it.
Acting strangely around flying insects. Whenever a fly was around, he would get strange and start spinning around and growling at his back end.
Then, he had a downright scary episode, where he just was going crazy over his back end, growling, at it, spinning, and I could not gain his attention. I then decided to hit record the next time it happened. After recording the next episode and consulting Dr. Lynette Cole at The Ohio State University, three veterinary neurologists suspected Chiari malformation and syringomyelia. I then made an appointment at the OSU neurology department for an MRI and spinal tap. CM and SM were confirmed.
Dexter’s episode is below.
Don’t forget to subscribe to our @RaisingYourPetsNaturally YouTube channel for more.
Other common symptoms of CM/SM in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels can include:
Air scratching, especially on walks or when excited.
Head scratching or rubbing.
Air snapping or licking.
Random yelps of pain.
Sensitivity to touch and being picked up.
Hind end weakness.
Head or body wobbles, stumbling, or squinting.
Head pressing.
Seeking darkness or solitude.
Inactivity or depression.
Restlessness.
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Diagnosing Chiari Malformation and Syringomyelia
The only definitive way to diagnose CM/SM is with an MRI. If a dog shows common symptoms and belongs to a breed prone to this disease, like Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, a vet might start treatment without MRI confirmation. For me, knowing exactly what Dexter had was key. Along with an MRI, Dexter also had a spinal tap to ensure we had all the facts.
Treatment Options for Chiari Malformation and Syringomyelia
Surgery for Chiari Malformation in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels
Surgery is performed with the goal of restoring the natural flow of spinal fluid. This involves decompressing the affected area, removing bone fragments, and sometimes adding a shunt. However, the results can differ greatly from one dog to another. Despite surgical intervention, many dogs still require medication to manage their pain effectively.
Medications for Chiari Malformation in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels
The disease is progressive and varies in severity. Treatment prioritizes comfort and alleviates pain. Dr. Clare Rusbridge provides the gold standard in the medication treatment protocol. It’s essential to monitor organ functions regularly when administering long-term medications.
Natural Treatments for Syringomyelia in Dogs
There are many natural treatments to help support a dog with CM/SM. Here are some that have worked for Dexter:
Acupuncture: Restores the normal flow of energy through specific pathways.
Cold Laser Therapy: Reduces inflammation, relieves pain, repairs tissue damage, and increases blood circulation.
PEMF ( Pulsed Electromagnetic Field) Therapy: Reduces inflammation, relieves pain, promotes tissue and cell repair.
Food Therapy: A diet of home-cooked or raw dog food helps reduce inflammation. Ingredients like sardines, shiitake mushrooms, and green-lipped mussels can help.
Conscious Proprioception Exercises: Dexter wore Dr. Buzby’s ToeGrips to stimulate awareness of his feet. I also regularly work with him on footwork exercises to help him be more aware of his feet.
Canine Hydrotherapy: Water treadmill therapy strengthens Dexter’s body with low joint impact.
Core Strength Exercises: Dexter’s rehabilitation focuses on boosting his core and back end strength, crucial for enhancing balance and stability. Through a variety of exercises using different equipment, we target his abdominal, back, and hind leg muscles, ensuring he can confidently navigate any challenges.
Living with a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel with Chiari Malformation
Living with a dog diagnosed with Chiari Malformation and syringomyelia can be challenging. Dexter’s first year after diagnosis was the most challenging. Trying to figure out what worked best for him, what kinds of activities or weather would trigger breakthrough pain, and how best to manage it. His life changed, but, luckily, with a great team of professionals, I was and am able to provide Dexter with a great quality of life that is still full of adventures and enrichment.
Comfort Measures
To help keep Dexter as comfortable, happy, and pain-free as possible, I’ve incorporated a range of products.
Dog Harness: Avoid collars that can be painful due to the disease’s nature.
Dog Strollers: Great for giving Dexter a break while still being part of adventures.
Cooling Mats and Warming Blankets: Depending on Dexter’s temperature needs. I will say, now Dexter is on a cooling mat almost 100 percent of his downtime. He rarely seeks heat.
Snuggle Jackets: Some dogs find comfort in them, while others might not. In the beginning, Dexter wore one almost all the time. But, I think, after we finally found our groove with his care, they were no longer necessary.
Natural Calming Aids: Calming CDs and natural calming sprays help Dexter on rough days.
Support for Dogs with Chiari Malformation and Syringomyelia
Let’s unite in this journey. Dexter’s courage living with Chiari malformation and syringomyelia serves as a light of hope for us all. You aren’t in this alone. Seek the help of a good veterinarian team, join a support group, including ours! Together, we can provide hope and guidance to others on similar paths. Go Team Dexter!
Your comments and questions are always welcome below.
Join our vibrant Cavalier King Charles Spaniel community on Facebook, support our dedication to pet wellness on Patreon, and stay updated with our weekly newsletter for invaluable tips and insights into raising happy, healthy pets. Together, let’s make a difference in our dogs’ lives!
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Tonya WilhelmHi, I’m Tonya Wilhelm—a positive dog trainer, holistic pet care educator, and proud Cavalier King Charles Spaniel mom. With nearly 30 years of experience helping families raise confident, well-mannered dogs, I focus on trust-based training, enrichment, and natural wellness. I’m also a published author and content creator who shares proactive, effective ways to support your Cavalier’s behavior, health, and daily life. You’ll often hear about Stewart, my sweet Cavalier, and my angel Dexter, who continue to inspire everything I create.
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Supporting Your Senior Cavalier King Charles Spaniel: The Ultimate Guide to Aging Cavaliers After 15 amazing years with my Cavalier,
Is Your Cavalier at Risk for MCAD Deficiency? Understanding MCAD Deficiency in Cavaliers (Early access for our Patreon community)
MCAD deficiency in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels Last year, on my Raising Your Pets Naturally blog, I shared information about
How to Find a Reputable Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Breeder(Early access for our Patreon community)
Choosing a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Breeder While I understand the “adopt don’t shop” idea, there are valid reasons to
Chiari Malformation and Syringomyelia in Dogs: A Guide to Caring for Dexter (Early access for our Patreon community)
Treatment options for Chiari malformation and Syringomyelia My best friend, Dexter the Dog, was diagnosed with Chiari malformation and syringomyelia